Latvia
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Latvia
Overview of the education system (EAG 2025)
  • Vocational education provides strong employability: adults aged 25-34 with vocational education have an employment rate of 80%, slightly higher than 77% for those with general upper secondary. Tertiary-educated adults reach 89%, above the OECD average of 87%.
  • Education spending declined from USD 9,291 to USD 8,303 per student (2015–2022), making Latvia one of four OECD countries with reduced spending. The share of public budgets for education also fell sharply from 11.6% to 7.4%.
  • International enrolment grew strongly, from 9.3% in 2018 to 13.4% in 2023, above the OECD average of 7.4%. Half of these students come from Europe and 46% from Asia, with most enrolled in master’s programmes.
  • In Latvia, adults with tertiary education earn 35% more than those with upper secondary, slightly below the OECD average of 38%. Gender pay gaps are large, with women aged 25-34 earning only 67% of men’s earnings, compared to an OECD average of 83%.
    • | Education at a Glance 2025 | Country note | Annexes from Education at a Glance 2025 | OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics 2018 | Ministry of Education and Science | OECD Education Policy Outlook: Latvia |

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    The following list displays indicators for which your selected country shows the highest and lowest values among countries. The list can be sorted by level of education or by age group. All rankings are calculated including available data from OECD and partner countries. Find out more about the methodology here.

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    Attainment

    The level of below upper secondary attainment among 25-64 year-olds is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.7 %, rank 30/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who have attained a general upper secondary or post-secondary qualification is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (21.9 %, rank 6/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who attained a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (0.5 %, rank 28/32 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The level of below upper secondary attainment among 55-64 year-olds is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.2 %, rank 34/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The level of upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education attainment among 55-64 year-olds is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (60.1 %, rank 8/38 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-34 year-olds who have attained a general degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (24.3 %, rank 8/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of 25-34 year-olds who attained a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (0.2 %, rank 26/28 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of 25-34 year-olds who attained a master's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (12.3 %, rank 27/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Attainment by gender

    The share of 25-64 year-old men who attained a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the smallest among countries with available data. (0.6 %, rank 26/31 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-64 year-old women who attained a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the smallest among countries with available data. (0.4 %, rank 29/31 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-64 year-old women who attained below upper secondary education in Latvia is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7.5 %, rank 33/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 55-64 year-old men who attained below upper secondary education in Latvia is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.8 %, rank 34/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 55-64 year-old women who attained below upper secondary education in Latvia is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.1 %, rank 37/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Latvia has one of the largest share of women among 55-64 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education. (51.6 %, rank 6/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-34 year-old women with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education in Latvia is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (37.8 %, rank 33/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-34 year-old men with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education in Latvia is one of the highest among countries with available data. (62.2 %, rank 5/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Attainment by field of education

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of arts is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (2.7 %, rank 15/17 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (3.4 %, rank 25/28 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of health (nursing and associate health fields) is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (1.4 %, rank 12/12 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (20.7 %, rank 27/28 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Entrance by field of education and gender

    In agriculture, forestry, fisheries and veterinary, the share of female new entrants to bachelor’s programmes in Latvia was among the smallest internationally. (33.9 %, rank 35/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (90.9 %, rank 2/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (24.2 %, rank 29/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of health and welfare is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (83.1 %, rank 3/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female among new entrants in doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of information and communication technologies is relatively small. (17.4 %, rank 32/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia,the share of male among new entrants in doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of education is relatively small. (19 %, rank 32/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of male among new entrants in doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of health and welfare is relatively small. (28.8 %, rank 33/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female students entering doctoral or equivalent programmes in Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (35.2 %, rank 34/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering master's or equivalent programmes in natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (35.7 %, rank 34/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering short cycle tertiary programmes in natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (30 %, rank 23/24 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of men among new entrants in bachelor's programmes in the field of health and welfare is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.3 %, rank 39/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering master's or equivalent programmes in education in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (14.2 %, rank 33/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering short-cycle tertiary programmes in education in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (0.7 %, rank 23/23 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering short-cycle tertiary programmes in health and welfare in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (13 %, rank 25/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering short-cycle tertiary programmes in information and communication technologies in Latvia is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (62.8 %, rank 29/30 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Participation in education

    The enrolment rate among 15-19 year-olds in Latvia is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (88.4 %, rank 9/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students in public tertiary educational institutions is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.5 %, rank 45/45 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students in government-dependent private tertiary educational institutions is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (71.2 %, rank 2/24 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Among 6–14-year-olds, enrolment in lower secondary programmes in Latvia ranked among the lowest internationally. (21.2 %, rank 44/46 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of students enrolled in private institutions at all early childhood education level is comparatively low. (11.3 %, rank 30/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of students enrolled in private institutions at early childhood educational and development level is comparatively low. (16.7 %, rank 22/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Latvia has one of the smallest shares of lower secondary students enrolled in vocational programmes. (0.2 %, rank 21/22 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of upper secondary students enrolled in programmes giving partial completion or insufficient for completion is relatively low compared to the other countries. (2.2 %, rank 15/17 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of upper secondary students enrolled in programmes giving full level completion without access to tertiary education in Latvia is relatively low compared to the other countries. (2.5 %, rank 23/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average age of post-secondary non-tertiary students enrolled in vocational programmes in Latvia is among the lowest. (28.8 %, rank 20/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of post-secondary non-tertiary students enrolled in programmes giving full level completion without access to tertiary education is relatively large compared to other OECD or partner contries. (100 %, rank 1/15 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average age of short-cycle tertiary students enrolled in vocational programmes is comparativele high. (3 %, rank 3/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The percentage of four-year-olds in primary education in Latvia is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0 %, rank 7/46 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female students enrolled in lower secondary vocational programmes is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (13.1 %, rank 21/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female students enrolled in post-secondary non-tertiary programmes is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (68.5 %, rank 5/30 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Graduation

    The share of tertiary graduates younger than 30-years-old is one of the smallest among countries with available data. (67.1 %, rank 32/32 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of first-time short-cycle tertiary graduates younger than 30 is relatively low. (45.5 %, rank 25/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of first-time bachelor's graduates younger than 30 is relatively low. (75.2 %, rank 31/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average age of short-cycle tertiary graduates in Latvia is among the oldest. (32.5 Years, rank 4/25 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average age of bachelor's or equivalent graduates in Latvia is among the oldest. (27.3 Years, rank 5/31 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Graduation by gender

    The share of female graduates from upper secondary general programmes is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (52.6 %, rank 10/42 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Among OECD and partner countries with available data, Latvia has one of the largest shares of women graduates from tertiary programmes. (66.3 %, rank 1/33 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of female graduates among post-secondary non-tertiary graduates from vocational programmes in Latvia is relatively high. (72.5 %, rank 4/27 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female first-time graduates in short-cycle tertiary programmes is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (73.1 %, rank 2/27 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female first-time bachelor's graduates is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (63 %, rank 3/33 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female first-time master's graduates is relatively largest, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (69 %, rank 3/23 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.7 %, rank 38/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (19.8 %, rank 9/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of business, administration and law in Latvia is relatively large. (13.9 %, rank 4/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of business, aministration and law is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.6 %, rank 28/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.2 %, rank 30/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of tertiary graduates in STEM fields placed Latvia among the smallest internationally. (19.4 %, rank 38/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of arts and humanities is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2 %, rank 3/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of STEM is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (4 %, rank 8/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of services is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2 %, rank 6/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of short-cycle tertiary vocational graduates in the field of business, administration and law is relatively high compared to other OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (3 %, rank 8/37 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of short-cycle tertiary vocational graduates in the field of health and welfare is relatively high compared to other OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (3 %, rank 4/37 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of bachelor's, master's and doctoral or equivalent graduates in the field of arts and humanities is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1 %, rank 6/45 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of bachelor's, master's and doctoral or equivalent graduates in the field of business, administration and law is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3 %, rank 5/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of bachelor's, master's and doctoral or equivalent graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2 %, rank 2/45 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of bachelor's, master's and doctoral or equivalent graduates in the field of services is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1 %, rank 1/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education and gender

    The proportion of female tertiary graduates in social sciences, business and law is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries. (27.3 %, rank 10/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female tertiary graduates in the field of sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.8 %, rank 40/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of male tertiary graduates in the field of education is relatively low in Latvia. (1.9 %, rank 42/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of male tertiary graduates in the field of arts and humanities is relatively small. (4.9 %, rank 38/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of female graduates from upper secondary vocational programmes in the field health and welfare is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries. (70 %, rank 32/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in all fields is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (66.3 %, rank 2/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the field of education is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (93 %, rank 1/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of arts and humanities is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (76.4 %, rank 1/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of social sciences, journalism and information is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (76.2 %, rank 2/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of business, administration and law is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (67.2 %, rank 1/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (64.8 %, rank 6/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of health and welfare is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (84.3 %, rank 4/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Fields of education

    In Latvia, the percentage of new entrants to tertiary education in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is relatively low. (2.9 %, rank 33/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes in the field of arts and humanities is relatively small. (0.7 %, rank 30/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of business, administration and law is relatively high, compared to other countries with available data. (25.9 %, rank 1/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is relatively high, compared to other countries with available data. (21 %, rank 7/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of health and welfare is relatively low, compared to other countries with available data. (8.7 %, rank 31/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is relatively low. (13.8 %, rank 29/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of social sciences, journalism and information is relatively low, compared to other countries with available data. (7.6 %, rank 29/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of new entrants in education master's programmes is relatively low, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (3.3 %, rank 38/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of new entrants in natural sciences, mathematics and statistics master's programmes is relatively low, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (3.2 %, rank 34/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes in the field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics is comparatively low in Latvia, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (15.9 %, rank 28/33 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Student mobility

    The share of worldwide foreign and international students is one of the small among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.2 %, rank 38/46 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of international and foreign students enrolled in doctoral or equivalent programmes is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7.5 %, rank 37/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, international or foreign students from Latin America and the Caribbean are least represented among all international or foreign students, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.4 %, rank 37/41 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of international graduates among bachelor's first-time graduates is relatively high. (8.5 %, rank 9/31 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of international graduates among first-time doctorate graduates is relatively low. (11.4 %, rank 23/30 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of international or foreign students enrolled in master's programmes is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (32.4 %, rank 5/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of international or foreign students enrolled in short-cycle tertiary programmes is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.5 %, rank 30/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of international or foreign students enrolled in doctoral or equivalent programmes among women is relatively low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (3.7 %, rank 35/40 , 2023) Download Indicator

    (1 %, rank 8/46 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Student mobility by field of education

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of education among all international or foreign tertiary students in Latvia is relatively low. (0.5 %, rank 37/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of arts and humanities among all international or foreign tertiary students in Latvia is relatively low. (2.4 %, rank 37/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of social sciences, journalism and information among all international or foreign tertiary students in Latvia is relatively low. (4.8 %, rank 35/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of business, administration and law among all international or foreign tertiary students in Latvia is relatively high. (34.6 %, rank 4/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics among all international or foreign tertiary students in Latvia is relatively low. (0.5 %, rank 37/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of engineering, manunfacturing and construction among all international or foreign tertiary students in Latvia is relatively low. (8.7 %, rank 33/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of international and foreign students among all students in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.6 %, rank 35/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (12416 USD Equivalent, rank 33/42 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per pupil at the pre-primary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8239 USD Equivalent, rank 21/30 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per primary student is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7757 USD Equivalent, rank 31/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9203 USD Equivalent, rank 30/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per student on research and development in tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3213 USD Equivalent, rank 29/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education in Latvia is comparatively low. (8132 USD Equivalent, rank 23/29 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on tertiary education in Latvia is comparatively low. (8940 USD Equivalent, rank 26/28 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on primary to tertiary education in Latvia is comparatively low. (8301 USD Equivalent, rank 23/28 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for ancillary services on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education in Latvia is comparatively low. (224 USD Equivalent, rank 25/29 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for ancillary educational services on primary to tertiary education in Latvia is comparatively low. (232 USD Equivalent, rank 24/28 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per full-time equivalent student in primary to tertiary education is one the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8303 USD Equivalent, rank 31/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Expenditure in education and national wealth

    In Latvia, expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies. (3.8 %, rank 32/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, expenditure on secondary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively low. (1.4 %, rank 33/39 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, public and private expenditure on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively low. (2.7 %, rank 31/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, international expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively high. (0 %, rank 4/32 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, international expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds on tertiary education is relatively large. (0.2 %, rank 1/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Government and private expenditure in education

    The share of public expenditure on tertiary educational institutions is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.5 %, rank 41/42 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, total public expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively low. (7.4 %, rank 35/42 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, total public expenditure on secondary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively low. (3.1 %, rank 36/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, total public expenditure on post-secondary non-tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively high. (0.1 %, rank 6/22 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, international expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of total expenditure on primary to tertiary education is relatively high. (2.9 %, rank 4/30 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of public expenditure on educational institutions, for tertiary education is comparatively small in Latvia. (55.4 %, rank 34/42 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Nature of expenditure

    In Latvia, the share of capital expenditure on all levels below tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (11.8 %, rank 7/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of current expenditure on all levels below tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (88.2 %, rank 29/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of capital expenditure on primary through tertiary is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (11.5 %, rank 7/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of current expenditure on primary through tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (88.5 %, rank 27/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of current expenditure on secondary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (87.7 %, rank 29/33 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of current expenditure on post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (84.2 %, rank 20/20 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Who the teachers are

    The share of teachers aged between 30 and 39 in secondary schools is especially small. (22.2 %, rank 36/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of teachers aged between 40 and 49 in secondary schools is especially small. (13.4 %, rank 33/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in pre-primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (99 %, rank 7/40 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (92.5 %, rank 8/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in lower secondary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (83.1 %, rank 1/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in upper secondary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (78.5 %, rank 1/41 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (54.8 %, rank 3/43 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (82.8 %, rank 1/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (41.3 %, rank 36/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of lower secondary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (34.1 %, rank 36/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of upper secondary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (37.9 %, rank 38/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (38.1 %, rank 38/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers older than 50 is especially high. (53.9 %, rank 2/39 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers under 30 in lower secondary education is especially low in Latvia. (63.3 %, rank 28/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers aged 50 or more in lower secondary education is especially high in Latvia. (86.4 %, rank 1/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers aged 50 or more in tertiary education is especially high in Latvia. (55.4 %, rank 3/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of tertiary teachers older than 50 is relatively high, compared to other countries with data available. (47.1 %, rank 8/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of teachers under 30 in early childhood educational development is especially low in Latvia. (11.2 %, rank 16/19 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of women among teaching staff in early childhood educational development is one of the highest, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (99 %, rank 5/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of teachers aged 50 or more in pre-primary education is especially high in Latvia (42 %, rank 4/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of teachers under 30 in pre-primary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (11.1 %, rank 25/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of teachers aged between 30 and 49 in pre-primary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (47 %, rank 27/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The percentage of male teachers in pre-primary education is especially low in Latvia. (1 %, rank 33/40 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In upper secondary education, the percentage of teachers aged 50 or more is particularly high in Latvia. (55.7 %, rank 3/33 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of upper secondary general education teachers aged between 30 and 49 is relatively low, compared to the other countries with available data. (37.3 %, rank 31/33 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of upper secondary vocational education teachers aged 50 or more is relatively high, compared to the other countries with available data. (52.7 %, rank 3/31 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the percentage of teachers aged between 30 and 49 in upper secondary vocational education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (39.2 %, rank 30/31 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of teachers aged 50 or more in post secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high in Latvia, compared to the other countries with available data. (52.7 %, rank 2/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of post secondary non-tertiary education teachers under 30 is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data (7.8 %, rank 6/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of teachers aged between 30 and 49 in post secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low in Latvia, compared to other countries with available data. (39.5 %, rank 20/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries

    The ratio of pre-primary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.68 Ratio, rank 15/18 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.74 Ratio, rank 13/19 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The ratio of upper secondary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.73 Ratio, rank 14/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual pre-primary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (26822 USD Equivalent, rank 28/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual primary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (32330 USD Equivalent, rank 31/32 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual lower secondary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (32330 USD Equivalent, rank 31/32 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual upper secondary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (32741 USD Equivalent, rank 31/32 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary female teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year women workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.88 Ratio, rank 18/26 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary male teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year men workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.62 Ratio, rank 23/26 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salary of 25-64 year-old lower secondary female teachers is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (32330 USD Equivalent, rank 26/26 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salary 25-64 year-old lower secondary teachers is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (32310 USD Equivalent, rank 26/26 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 25-34 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Latvia. (0.76 Ratio, rank 23/27 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-34 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Latvia relatively compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (32001 USD Equivalent, rank 25/27 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 35-44 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Latvia. (33111 USD Equivalent, rank 26/27 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 45-54 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Latvia. (32823 USD Equivalent, rank 27/27 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Latvia. (31508 USD Equivalent, rank 27/27 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries progression

    Starting salaries for lower secondary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (25157 USD Equivalent, rank 40/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Salaries of lower secondary teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially low. (40243 USD Equivalent, rank 37/41 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for upper secondary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (25157 USD Equivalent, rank 40/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Salaries of upper secondary teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially low. (40243 USD Equivalent, rank 38/41 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for pre-primary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (25486 USD Equivalent, rank 32/36 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Principals' salaries

    Primary school 25-64 year-old heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Latvia. (0.94 Ratio, rank 14/18 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Lower-secondary 25-64 year-old school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Latvia. (0.94 Ratio, rank 15/17 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Upper-secondary 25-64 year-old school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Latvia. (0.94 Ratio, rank 16/18 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-64 year-old pre-primary school heads is one of the lowest in Latvia. (42764 USD Equivalent, rank 22/22 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-64 year-old primary school heads is one of the lowest in Latvia. (42764 USD Equivalent, rank 28/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-64 year-old lower secondary education school heads is one of the lowest in Latvia. (42764 USD Equivalent, rank 28/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average upper-secondary school heads' actual salary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (42764 USD Equivalent, rank 28/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the average actual salaries of 25-34 year-old lower-secondary school heads is relatively low compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (42976 USD Equivalent, rank 16/17 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 35-44 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the lowest in Latvia. (41829 USD Equivalent, rank 24/24 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 45-54 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the lowest in Latvia. (47688 USD Equivalent, rank 23/24 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the lowest in Latvia. (41683 USD Equivalent, rank 24/24 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of lower secondary men school heads aged 25 to 64 is one of the lowest in Latvia. (43330 USD Equivalent, rank 24/24 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of lower secondary women school heads aged 25 to 64 is one of the lowest in Latvia. (43497 USD Equivalent, rank 24/24 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Ratio of student to teaching staff

    The ratio of students to teaching staff at the lower secondary level is especially low. (9.6 Ratio, rank 29/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The ratio of students to teaching staff in post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low in Latvia. (9.1 Ratio, rank 17/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the number of students per teacher in general upper secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.4 Ratio, rank 28/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The ratio of students to teaching staff at the vocational upper secondary level is especially high in Latvia. (19.7 Ratio, rank 1/30 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the number of students per teacher in public lower secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.5 Ratio, rank 31/38 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the ratio of children to teaching staff in early childhood educational development is one of the lowest compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (4.6 Ratio, rank 20/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Organisation of the education system

    The total compulsory instruction time for lower secondary students in Latvia is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2334 Hours, rank 36/42 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The total compulsory instruction time for primary and lower secondary student in Latvia is among the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5832 Hours, rank 39/42 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, compulsory instruction time for primary students, in hours per year, is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (583 Hours, rank 38/42 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, compulsory instruction time for lower secondary students, in hours per year, is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (778 Hours, rank 37/42 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Classes are particularly small in lower secondary schools. (18 Students, rank 32/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Classes are particularly small in primary schools. (17 Students, rank 32/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The number of instruction days per year for primary students is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (169 Days, rank 42/44 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Classes in public primary institutions are comparatively small in Latvia. (17 Students, rank 34/37 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Classes in in private primary institutions are comparatively small in Latvia. (13 Students, rank 33/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Classes in lower secondary public institutions are comparatively small in Latvia. (18 Students, rank 34/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Classes in lower secondary private institutions are comparatively large in Latvia. (25 Students, rank 6/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In independent private institutions at primary education level, the average class size is relatively smallest in Latvia among OECD and other partner countries with available data. (13 Students, rank 18/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, classes in primary education are comparatively small. (17 Students, rank 32/35 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In independent private institutions at lower secondary level, classes are one of the largest in Latvia among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25 Students, rank 3/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, classes in lower secondary education are comparatively small. (18 Students, rank 32/34 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Employment and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a short-cycle tertiary education degree is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (86.4 %, rank 10/31 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a master's or equivalent tertiary education degree is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (88.7 %, rank 26/35 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (97.5 %, rank 2/29 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 55-64 year-olds with tertiary education is compartively high in Latvia. (83.5 %, rank 10/40 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (80.4 %, rank 25/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 45-54 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (75 %, rank 34/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the employment rate of 25-34 year-olds with a master's or equivalent tertiary education degree is relatively high in Latvia. (92.1 %, rank 8/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Employment by gender and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 55-64 year-old women with below upper secondary education is compartively high in Latvia. (49.9 %, rank 10/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the employment rate among 25-34 year-old men with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low (84.4 %, rank 29/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of employed 25-64 year-old men with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (78.5 %, rank 27/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of employed 25-64 year-old men with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (79.4 %, rank 31/35 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Employment by field of education

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of arts is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (81.1 %, rank 14/16 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (89.3 %, rank 7/27 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of information and communication technologies is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (87.1 %, rank 23/27 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of health (nursing and associate health fields) is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (80.8 %, rank 10/11 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Unemployment and educational attainment

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds without upper secondary education is comparatively high. (14 %, rank 7/38 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (6.8 %, rank 7/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (9.5 %, rank 5/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Among the unemployed population aged between 25 and 64 with tertiary education, the share of those who have been unemployed for less than 3 months is one of the smallest in Latvia, compared to other OECD countries. (32.6 %, rank 20/29 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the highest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (9.4 %, rank 4/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the highest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (11.3 %, rank 7/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Unemployment by gender and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old men with vocational upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively high. (9.9 %, rank 3/32 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old women with vocational upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively high. (8.4 %, rank 9/31 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of unemployed 25-64 year-old women with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.7 %, rank 6/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of unemployed 25-64 year-old men with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.4 %, rank 3/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of unemployed 25-64 year-old men with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.2 %, rank 4/32 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the unemployment rate of 25-34 year-old women with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high in Latvia. (13 %, rank 8/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the unemployment rate of 25-34 year-old men with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high in Latvia. (10.5 %, rank 6/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Inactivity and educational attainment

    The inactivity rate of 25-34 years-old adults with below upper secondary education is low in Latvia. (26.7 %, rank 32/38 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-olds with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low. (13.8 %, rank 31/35 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-olds with a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (7.1 %, rank 27/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds with below upper secondary education is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (28.4 %, rank 32/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds with a short cycle tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (10.1 %, rank 21/30 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The inactivity rate of 55-64 years-old adults with tertiary education is low in Latvia. (12.8 %, rank 35/40 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Inactivity by gender and educational attainment

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate 25-64 year-old women without an upper secondary education is relatively low compared to other countries with available data. (38.2 %, rank 30/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-old men with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low. (7 %, rank 30/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-old men with tertiary education is relatively low. (2.9 %, rank 36/39 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Earnings and educational attainment

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-64 year-olds with below secondary education compared to those of adults with an upper secondary education are relatively high in Latvia. (87.9 %, rank 7/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-34 year-olds working full-time and full-year with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively high in Latvia. (163 Index, rank 2/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 45-54 year-olds working full-time and full-year with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Latvia. (103 Index, rank 21/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-34 year-olds working full-time and full-year with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively high in Latvia. (152 Index, rank 3/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-64 year-olds working full-time and full-year with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Latvia. (114 Index, rank 17/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 45-54 year-olds working full-time and full-year with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Latvia. (103 Index, rank 21/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-64 year-old workers with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education earning at or below half the overall median in Latvia is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (15 Index, rank 21/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-34 year-olds working full-time and full-year with tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively high in Latvia. (218 Index, rank 5/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-64 year-old workers with tertiary education earning at or below half the overall median in Latvia is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (5 Index, rank 23/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 45-54 year-olds working full-time and full-year with tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Latvia. (175 Index, rank 22/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-34 year-olds working full-time and full-year with bachelor's or equivalent attainment compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively high in Latvia. (214 Index, rank 4/23 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 45-54 year-olds working full-time and full-year with bachelor's or equivalent attainment compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Latvia. (149 Index, rank 19/23 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the distribution of worker earning more than the median but at or below 1.5 times the median among those with with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (22 Index, rank 25/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings, gender and educational attainment

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with upper secondary education or post-secondary non-tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (70.8 %, rank 29/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (70.9 %, rank 27/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-64 year-olds with income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (79.4 %, rank 27/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women (as a percentage of men's earnings) among full- and part-time 25-64 year-olds with below upper secondary education are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (60.2 %, rank 26/30 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women (as a percentage of men's earnings) among full- and part-time 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (70 %, rank 23/30 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-34 year-olds with upper secondary education or post-secondary non-tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the low among countries with available data. (60.4 %, rank 29/29 , 2023) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the proportion of young women's earnings as a percentage of men's earnings (25-34 year-olds with tertiary education working full-time full-year), is relatively low compared to OECD and other members with available data (67.1 %, rank 28/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-34 year-olds with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (65.5 %, rank 20/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-64 year-olds with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (68 %, rank 21/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (45-54 year-olds with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (72.7 %, rank 18/20 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-34 year-olds with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (55.1 %, rank 21/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-64 year-olds with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (73.3 %, rank 20/21 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (45-54 year-olds with tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (66.6 %, rank 26/28 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Earnings by field of education

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Latvia who studied in the field of arts and humanities, social sciences, journalism and information are high, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (93.3 %, rank 10/14 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Latvia who studied in the field of education, are low, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (74.2 %, rank 12/14 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Latvia who studied in the field of information and communication technologies (ICT), are high, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (167 %, rank 2/14 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Latvia who studied in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics, are low, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (92.7 %, rank 14/14 , 2023) Download Indicator

    Neither in education nor employed

    The share of inactive youth neither in formal education nor training among 18-24 year-olds in Latvia is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (5.9 %, rank 29/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men without an upper secondary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low (16.9 %, rank 30/32 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-29 year-olds neither in employment nor in education and training without an upper secondary in Latvia is relatively low. (31.1 %, rank 30/33 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low (8.8 %, rank 17/24 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-29 year-olds neither in employment nor in education and training with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education in Latvia is relatively low (13 %, rank 21/28 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of women with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low (13.5 %, rank 23/28 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively high (14.7 %, rank 6/27 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of women with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (16.9 %, rank 26/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of women with tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively high. (14 %, rank 10/35 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men with tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (1.9 %, rank 30/31 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of women who are inactive NEET (18-24 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (5.8 %, rank 30/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of women who are unemployed NEET (18-24 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively high. (7.7 %, rank 5/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men who are inactive NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (3.5 %, rank 34/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men who are unemployed NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (3.4 %, rank 28/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men who are inactive NEET (18-24 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (6 %, rank 27/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of men who are unemployed NEET (18-24 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (3.3 %, rank 32/36 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The share of inactive NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Latvia is relatively low. (5.5 %, rank 32/38 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The proportion of youth neither employed nor in education or training among 15-29 year-olds in Latvia is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.2 %, rank 34/35 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of men neither employed nor in education among 15-29 year-olds is relatively low. (0.9 %, rank 34/34 , 2024) Download Indicator

    In Latvia, the share of women neither employed nor in education among 15-29 year-olds is relatively low. (3.5 %, rank 30/32 , 2024) Download Indicator

    Among 25-29 year-old men in Latvia, a small share of them are neither employed nor in education or training. (8.6 %, rank 29/37 , 2024) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 18-24 year-old men neither employed nor in education or training is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (9.3 %, rank 32/37 , 2024) Download Indicator


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    General findings
    
                        
    
                            
    
                                
    • Tertiary attainment among young adults has reached 48% on average across the OECD, the highest level ever, but progress has slowed since 2021. Attainment remains unequal, with women generally outpacing men, and older generations showing lower rates.
    • Employment outcomes for tertiary-educated adults remain strong overall: 87% of them are employed compared to 60% of those without upper seconday. Tertiary education offers good protection against unemployment, but women and disadvantaged groups still face labour market gaps, and inactivity persists among some adults. Moreover, adults with tertiary education earn on average 54% more than those with only upper secondary education.
    • Gender pay gaps remain significant. Despite higher attainment, women with tertiary education consistently earn less than men, even when working full-time, and this gap persists across age groups (73% on average for women aged 25 to 64).
    • Fields of study strongly influence labour market outcomes. Graduates in engineering and in health and welfare fare particularly well, while women’s participation in STEM remains below parity (14% of graduates at tertiary level) despite being 58% of all tertiary graduates.
    • Internationalisation continues to expand in tertiary education. The share of international students has grown steadily, and OECD countries host a large proportion of the world’s mobile students, reinforcing their global role in higher education.
    • Sustaining tertiary education requires adequate investment. Spending per student is already at 21 021 USD and rising, and tertiary expenditure represents a notable share of GDP (1.4% on average in OECD), making efficiency and equity crucial for long-term sustainability.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Attainment | Education policies: Access and Participation  | Education policies: Finance and Funding | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | 
    
                            
    
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    • Although many countries have near universal upper secondary attainment among 25–34 year-olds, on average across the OECD 13% of younger adults still lack an upper secondary qualification.
    • NEET shares are now below pre-pandemic levels in about half of OECD and partner countries with trend data; in 8 of these 16 countries the decline exceeds 1 percentage point, while 17 countries exceed pre-pandemic benchmarks and 6 saw increases of more than 2 percentage points.
    • Employment rates rise steadily with higher tertiary attainment: short-cycle 83%, bachelor’s 86%, master’s 90%, and doctoral or equivalent 93% among 25–64 year-olds.
    • Earnings premiums also increase with qualification level: on average across the OECD, short-cycle graduates earn 17% more than those with upper secondary; the advantage is 39% for bachelor’s and 83% for master’s/doctoral graduates.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Attainment | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | 
    
                            
    
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    • Most children aged 3 to 5 are enrolled in early childhood education, with an average participation rate of 85% across the OECD. By contrast, only 29% of children under the age of 3 are enrolled.
    • Participation in early childhood education has grown over the past decade, with enrolment for children under age 3 increasing by 9 percentage points to 29%, and enrolment for ages 3 and above rising by 5 points to 85%.
    • The majority of students in vocational upper secondary education follow programmes that grant full access to tertiary education, with 76% of students enrolled in such programmes on average across the OECD.
    • Completion rates for bachelor’s programmes increase after the theoretical duration of programmes: on average, 44% of students graduate on time, compared to 69% three years after.
    • Students from Asia form the largest regional group of internationally mobile students in tertiary education, representing 58% of all foreign or international students across the OECD in 2023.
    • Only 43% of students complete a bachelor’s degree within the expected duration, though this rises to 59% with one additional year and 70% with three additional years on average across the OECD.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Access and Participation  | 
    
                            
    
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    • Governments spend on average USD 12 438 per student in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education, and USD 15 102 per student in tertiary education including R&D.
    • Expenditure per student has risen in absolute terms since 2015, but its share in public budgets has declined, with government spending on education at almost 15% of total government expenditure on average in 2022.
    • Annual spending per student at primary and secondary levels varies widely across OECD countries, from under USD 3 000 in some systems to over USD 25 000 in the most highly funded ones.
    • Tertiary education continues to expand, placing pressure on public budgets. Private sources represent a larger share of total funding at the tertiary level than at any other level of education.
    • Spending per student differs markedly between public and private institutions, with expenditure in public tertiary institutions exceeding USD 33 000 in some countries, compared to less than USD 10 000 in others.
    
                            
    
                            
    
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    • Students in OECD countries receive an average of 7 604 hours of compulsory instruction during primary and lower secondary education, with total hours ranging widely across education systems.
    • Compulsory instruction time averages 804 hours per year for primary students and 909 hours for lower secondary students, a difference of about 105 hours annually.
    • The ratio of children to teachers in pre-primary education has fallen across most OECD countries, decreasing from an average of 15 children per teacher in 2013 to 13 in 2023.
    • Teachers’ statutory salaries increase with the level of education taught. On average, teachers with 15 years of experience earn USD 55 725 at pre-primary level and USD 63 925 at upper secondary level.
    • Teachers’ actual salaries are 83–91% of the earnings of similarly educated tertiary-educated workers, while school heads usually earn more than tertiary-educated workers on average across OECD countries.
    • The ratio of students to academic staff is lower in public than in private institutions, averaging about 14 students per staff member in public tertiary institutions compared to 18 in private ones.
    • Nearly half of OECD and partner countries operate non-selective admission systems for first degrees, providing broad access to tertiary education, while entrance exams and centralised systems are also common.
    • The salaries of academic staff in tertiary education vary by seniority. On average, junior staff earn about 62 000 USD, while senior staff earn about 108 000 USD.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Teachers | Education policies: Teachers | OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS)  | 
    
                            
    
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            Diagram of funding flows - Latvia
            
    
            
    
        
    


        
		
    
            
    
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            Country Reviews for Latvia
            
    
            
    
			
    
        
    
		
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
        
    
            Note: These values should be interpreted with care since they are influenced by countries' specific contexts and trade-offs. In education, there is often no simple
            most- or least-efficient model. For instance, the share of private expenditure in education must be read against other measures designed to mitigate inequities, 
			such as loans and grants; longer learning time is an opportunity to convey more and better content to students, but may hinder investments in other important
            areas. If you want further information on the nature of different variables, please take the time to read the analysis and contextual information, available at the website
            for each publication.
    
            All rankings for individual variables are compiled on the basis of OECD and G20 countries for which data are available. The OECD average includes only OECD countries which are listed here: https://www.oecd.org/en/about/members-partners.html
            

    
			Reference years displayed in the Education GPS correspond to the most common year of reference among countries for which data is available on each variable. Data for the latest available year is preferred and some 
			countries may have provided data refering to a more recent or late year. To know more about possible exceptions on data please click on the "Download Indicator" link on each variable. When a year of reference corresponds to a school year encompassing two years, the reference reads as follows: 2026 for school year 2025/2026.
			

    
	    *TALIS averages are based on all countries participating in the TALIS survey, including partner countries and economies. 
		This explains the difference between the OECD average and the TALIS averages.
		Data from the TALIS survey and Education at a Glance (EAG) may differ. See Annex E of the TALIS technical report and 
		Annex 3 
		of EAG 2024 for more details about the data collections.
            

    
            For additional notes, please refer to annexes in the list of links below the introductory country profile text.