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Diagram of the education system

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  • Diagram of education system in country language


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    • Education system in Israel

    Israel
    Overview of the education system (EAG 2019)
  • A large share of Israeli students who enter a bachelor's programme graduate by the end of the theoretical duration of the programme they entered. However, Israel's historically above-average share of tertiary-educated adults is losing ground among younger adults, where the gap with the OECD average is only 4 percentage points.
  • Compulsory education starts at just 3 years old in Israel. The country also emphasises the early stages of early childhood education and care (ECEC), with 47% of children under 2 enrolled in an ECEC services in 2017, compared to 24% on average across OECD countries.
  • Military service in Israel affects international comparisons of the enrolment rate of young adults. In Israel, 70% of young people leave education between the ages of 18 and 24, the highest rate across OECD countries.
  • Among OECD countries, Israel spends one of the highest share of its gross domestic product (GDP) on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education.
  • About three-quarter of Israeli teachers are under 50 years old compared 64% on average across OECD countries. This may be associated with the reforms in Israel to increase teachers' salaries in order to attract top talent.
    • | Education at a Glance 2019 | Country Note | Annexes from Education at a Glance 2019 | OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics 2018 | Misrad Hachinuch (Ministry of Education, in Hebrew) | HaLishka HaMerkazit LiStatistika (Central Bureau of Statistics, in Hebrew) | OECD Education Policy Outlook: Israel |
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    The following list displays indicators for which your selected country shows the highest and lowest values among countries. The list can be sorted by level of education or by age group. All rankings are calculated including available data from OECD and partner countries. Find out more about the methodology here.

    Show indicators for which your country ranks among the top or bottom: Sort by:

    Educational outcomes

    The proportion of 25-64 year-old men who have attained a vocational degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7.9 %, rank 30/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-old women who have attained a vocational degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5.2 %, rank 32/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who attained a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the highest among countries with available data. (1.3 %, rank 9/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The average age of upper secondary graduates from vocational programmes in Israel is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data (17.2 Years, rank 35/36 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The average age of upper secondary graduates from general programmes in Israel is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data (17.2 Years, rank 33/38 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Attainment by gender

    The share of 25-64 year-old women who attained a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the largest among countries with available data. (26.2 %, rank 10/46 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Participation in education

    The proportion of 25-64 years-old adults with below upper secondary education participating in formal education is high in Israel. (12.2 %, rank 2/24 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 years-old adults with tertiary education participating in formal education is high in Israel. (21.9 %, rank 2/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Among adults (25-64 years-old) with below upper secondary education, a low proportion participate in non-formal education. (12.4 %, rank 30/33 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The enrolment rate among 15-19 year-olds in Israel is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (66 %, rank 37/39 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of three-year-olds in early childhood education in Israel is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (100 %, rank 1/40 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the percentage of tertiary students enrolled in private institutions is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (83.3 %, rank 5/44 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the share of part-time students in short-cycle programmes is relatively small. (0 %, rank 23/26 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the share of part-time students in master's programmes is relatively small. (4.5 %, rank 29/30 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of part-time students in doctoral programmes in Israel is relatively small. (0 %, rank 23/29 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Graduation by gender

    In Israel, the share of female doctoral graduates in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is relatively high. (52.5 %, rank 10/43 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of business, administration and law in Israel is relatively small. (4.3 %, rank 38/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Israel is relatively large. (39.8 %, rank 3/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of health and welfare in Israel is relatively small. (4.6 %, rank 41/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Fields of education

    In Israel, the percentage of new entrants to tertiary education in the field of business, administration and law is relatively low. (15.5 %, rank 34/35 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the percentage of new entrants to tertiary education in the field of health and welfare is relatively low. (7.5 %, rank 32/35 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of national tertiary students enrolled in the field of business, administration and law in Israel is relatively low. (14.4 %, rank 34/36 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of national tertiary students enrolled in the field of health and welfare in Israel is relatively low. (8.1 %, rank 32/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of national tertiary students enrolled in the field of services in Israel is relatively low. (0 %, rank 37/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel,the share of male among new entrants to doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of education is relatively small. (20.8 %, rank 28/33 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the share of male among new entrants to doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of information and communication technologies is relatively small. (65.8 %, rank 31/32 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the share of male among new entrants to doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of health and welfare is relatively small. (18.1 %, rank 33/33 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Student mobility

    The share of international students entering doctoral or equivalent programmes in Israel is relatively small. (8.5 %, rank 31/35 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, international students from North America are most represented among all international students, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (21.7 %, rank 2/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, international students from Oceania are most represented among all international students, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.7 %, rank 6/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Student mobility by field of education

    The percentage of international tertiary students enrolled in the field of arts and humanities in Israel is relatively high. (19.1 %, rank 6/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of international tertiary students enrolled in the field of social sciences, journalism and information in Israel is relatively high. (18.4 %, rank 5/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of international tertiary students enrolled in the field of business, administration and law in Israel is relatively low. (16.1 %, rank 28/36 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of international tertairy students enrolled in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Israel is relatively high. (12 %, rank 7/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of international tertiary students enrolled in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction in Israel is relatively low. (9 %, rank 32/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of international tertiary students enrolled in the field of services in Israel is relatively low. (0 %, rank 36/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the share of international and foreign students among all students in the field of social sciences, journalism and information is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with avaialble data. (3 %, rank 32/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the share of international and foreign students among all students in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with avaialble data. (1.3 %, rank 34/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the percentage of international doctoral graduates in the field of business, administration and law is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0 %, rank 29/32 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Israel, the percentage of international doctoral graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0 %, rank 29/33 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Organisation of the education system

    In Israel, the intended instruction time for primary students, in hours per year, is one of the longest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (958 Hours, rank 7/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Classes in lower secondary public institutions are comparatively large in Israel. (29 Students, rank 4/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Classes in lower secondary private institutions are comparatively large in Israel. (24 Students, rank 6/32 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student

    Annual expenditure per pupil at the pre-primary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5466 USD Equivalent, rank 29/31 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per student in post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1186 USD Equivalent, rank 19/19 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7050 USD Equivalent, rank 28/32 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on tertiary education in Israel is comparatively low. (7008 USD Equivalent, rank 23/27 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for ancillary services on tertiary education in Israel is comparatively low. (41 USD Equivalent, rank 23/26 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for ancillary educational services on primary to tertiary education in Israel is comparatively low. (330 USD Equivalent, rank 21/25 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure in education and national wealth

    In Israel, expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is one of the highest among OECD countries and partner economies. (6 %, rank 5/35 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Israel, public expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary to tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively high. (4.8 %, rank 8/39 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Public and private expenditure in education

    The share of private expenditure on pre-primary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.8 %, rank 25/31 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The share of private expenditure on tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (44 %, rank 10/35 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Israel, total public expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively high. (12.9 %, rank 7/38 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Israel, international expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of total expenditure on tertiary education is relatively low. (0 %, rank 25/30 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The share of public expenditure on educational institutions, for tertiary education is comparatively small. (56 %, rank 26/35 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure on all children aged 3 to 5 enrolled in early childhood and primary education is one of the highest in Israel compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (27 USD Equivalent, rank 6/30 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure, for primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high in Israel compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.6 %, rank 3/39 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Tuition fees

    The estimated average annual tuition fee for national students in government-dependent private institutions for a bachelor's or equivalent level education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3130 USD Equivalent, rank 4/9 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Teachers

    The number of days of instruction in a school year in lower secondary school is especially low. (174 Days, rank 28/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Ratio of student to teaching staff

    The ratio of students to teaching staff at the upper secondary level is especially low. (9.6 Ratio, rank 36/38 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The number of students per teacher in secondary schools is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.3 Ratio, rank 30/38 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Who the teachers are

    The share of women among teaching staff in pre-primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (99.4 %, rank 6/40 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in lower secondary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (78.7 %, rank 7/39 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of lower secondary teachers older than 50 is especially low. (27.9 %, rank 29/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers older than 50 is especially low. (26.1 %, rank 27/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries

    After 15 years of experience, a lower secondary teacher with minimum qualification can expect to have one of the lowest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (33757 USD Equivalent, rank 24/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The ratio of pre-primary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.85 Ratio, rank 7/24 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.96 Ratio, rank 6/27 , 2017) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a lower secondary teacher with typical qualification can expect to have one of the lowest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (34860 USD Equivalent, rank 24/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 55-64 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is high in Israel. (1.03 Ratio, rank 3/22 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-34 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Israel relatively compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (29283 USD Equivalent, rank 15/23 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the highest in Israel. (53455 USD Equivalent, rank 9/23 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries progression

    The salary progression from the start to the top of the salary scale for a lower secondary school teacher is among the most rewarding among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.05 Ratio, rank 5/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for lower secondary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (21389 USD Equivalent, rank 28/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    It takes lower secondary teachers longer to progress through the salary scale in Israel compared to other OECD and partner countries. (36 Years, rank 4/25 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In lower secondary education, the salary ratio of teachers with maximum qualifications at the top of the salary scale to those with minimum training and starting salaries is comparatively high. (2.74 Ratio, rank 5/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Principals' salaries

    Lower-secondary school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is high in Israel. (1.56 Ratio, rank 5/22 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The average lower secondary school heads' actual salary is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (69544 USD Equivalent, rank 10/23 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Unemployment and educational attainment

    Among the unemployed population aged between 25 and 64, with below upper secondary education, the share of those who have been unemployed for less than 3 months is one of the smallest in Israel, compared to other OECD countries. (13.2 %, rank 28/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Among the unemployed population aged between 25 and 64 with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education, the share of those who have been unemployed for less than 3 months is one of the smallest in Israel, compared to other OECD countries. (12.7 %, rank 30/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Among the unemployed population aged between 25 and 64 with tertiary education, the share of those who have been unemployed for less than 3 months is one of the smallest in Israel, compared to other OECD countries. (9.9 %, rank 31/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Among the unemployed population aged between 25 and 64 with tertiary education, the share of those who have been unemployed for at least 12 months is one of the largest in Israel, compared to OECD countries. (48 %, rank 4/38 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Earnings and educational attainment

    The proportion of male full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 without upper secondary education is comparatively high. (68.6 %, rank 9/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (19.9 %, rank 23/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (13.3 %, rank 25/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds without an upper secondary education with income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (68.8 %, rank 36/37 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with upper secondary education and income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (70.2 %, rank 33/37 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (67.6 %, rank 34/37 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-64 year-olds with income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (73 %, rank 36/37 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Migrant background

    The employment rate of native-born aged between 25-64 with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (47.3 %, rank 26/30 , 2015) Download Indicator

    The percentage of foreign-born aged between 25 and 64 who attained upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (31.1 %, rank 25/30 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Earnings of foreign-born aged between 25 and 64 who work full- and part-time with tertiary education are high compared to those of native-born with the same characteristics. (92 Index, rank 10/21 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The percentage of foreign-born aged between 15 and 29 in education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (29.3 %, rank 26/30 , 2015) Download Indicator

    The percentage of foreign-born aged between 15 and 29 who are neither employed nor in education and training is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (12.3 %, rank 25/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Social outcomes

    Among 25-64 years-old adults with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education, a low proportion participated in any cultural or sporting activities in the 12 months prior to the survey. (50.2 %, rank 28/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among 25-64 years-old adults with tertiary education, a low proportion participated in any cultural or sporting activities in the 12 months prior to the survey. (60.9 %, rank 28/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among 25-64 years-old adults with below upper secondary education, a low proportion have someone to ask for moral, material or financial help. (88.3 %, rank 21/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among 25-64 years-old adults with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education, a low proportion have someone to ask for moral, material or financial help. (92.3 %, rank 25/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among 25-64 years-old adults with tertiary education, a low proportion have someone to ask for moral, material or financial help. (92.9 %, rank 28/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the percentage of adults (25-64 years old) with below upper secondary education who actively participate in social media on a daily basis is high in Israel. (50.8 %, rank 1/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the percentage of adults (25-64 years old) with tertiary education who actively participate in social media on a daily basis is high in Israel. (53.1 %, rank 1/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    The proportion of employed adults (25-64 years-old) with tertiary education who have concentration difficulties at work because of family responsabilities is high in Israel. (42.9 %, rank 5/32 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Weekly working hours among employed 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education are long in Israel compared to other OECD countries. (40.8 Hours/week, rank 8/28 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among employed 25-64 year-olds with below upper secondary education, a large share have high flexibility of working hours. (28.9 %, rank 7/28 , 2015) Download Indicator


    The data table will display up to six selected countries.
    General findings
    • In 2018, 44% of 25-34 year-olds held a tertiary degree, compared to 35% in 2008, on average across OECD countries.
    • Tertiary-educated adults also reap higher earnings, although this varies by field of study. Their advantage increases with age too: 25-34 year-olds with tertiary education earn 38% more than their peers with upper secondary education while 45-54 year-olds earn 70% more.
    • While engineering, manufacturing and construction, and information and communication technologies are two fields most commonly associated with the best labour market outcomes, only 14% of graduates earned a degree in the former and 4% earned a degree in the latter in 2017.
    | Education policies: Access and Participation - Tertiary | How is the tertiary-educated population evolving? | Earnings advantage of tertiary-educated workers across generations | Is labour market demand keeping pace with the rising educational attainment of the population? |
    Visualisations
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    • Although graduation from upper secondary education increased by 6 percentage points between 2005 and 2017, 15% of 25-34 year-olds did not attain upper secondary education in 2018, on average across OECD countries.
    • In some countries, vocational programmes are prominent at the upper secondary level. On average across OECD countries, 40% of first-time upper secondary graduates earned a vocational qualification in 2017; in Austria, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, more than 66% of this population did.
    • At the lower secondary level, the average class shrank by 6% while teachers' statutory salaries increased by 8% between 2005 and 2017, on average across OECD countries.
    | Education policies: Access and Participation - Secondary | Transition from school to work | 50 year trends in educational attainment | What are the advantages today of having an upper secondary qualification? |
    Visualisations
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    • In 2017, more than one in three children under the age of three were enrolled in early childhood education and care services, on average across OECD countries - an increase of 7 percentage points compared to 2010.
    • Between the age of 3 to 5, on average across OECD countries, 87% of children are enrolled in pre-primary and primary education.
    • Annual expenditure per child in early childhood development programmes was greater than in pre-primary education in 2016 on average across OECD countries. However, as a share of GDP, expenditure on early childhood development is lower.
    | Education policies: Access and Participation - Early Childhood Education | Starting Strong 2017: Key OECD Indicators on Early Childhood Education and Care | Starting Strong V: Transitions from Early Childhood Education and Care to Primary Education | Who bears the cost of early childhood education and how does it affect enrolment? | Access to early childhood and the participation of women in the labour market |
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    • In 2016, expenditure per tertiary student amounted to USD 15 556, approximately one-third of which was devoted to research and development.
    • Private sources financed more than 30% of the expenditure, on average, at the tertiary level compared to 10% at primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level.
    • OECD countries spent an average of 3.5% of GDP on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary institutions in 2016, and public expenditure at this level increased by 18% since 2005.
    | Education policies: Finance and Funding | Who really bears the cost of education? | What influences spending on education? | Does Money Buy Strong Performance in PISA? |
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    • About 10% of primary and secondary teachers are under the age of 30, on average across OECD countries.
    • While the teaching profession is dominated by women, the share of female teachers decreases with the level of education taught: almost all teachers at the pre-primary level are women, however they make up less than half of the teaching force at tertiary level.
    • Salaries tend to increase with the level of education taught, but teachers' earnings remain between 78% and 93% of the earnings of other tertiary-educated adults.
    | Education policies: Teachers | OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) | Teachers' salaries evolution and how they compare to those of tertiary-educated workers | How do primary and secondary teachers compare? |
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    Key
    Country Reviews for Israel

    Note: These values should be interpreted with care since they are influenced by countries' specific contexts and trade-offs. In education, there is often no simple most- or least-efficient model. For instance, the share of private expenditure in education must be read against other measures designed to mitigate inequities, such as loans and grants; longer learning time is an opportunity to convey more and better content to students, but may hinder investments in other important areas. If you want further information on the nature of different variables, please take the time to read the analysis and contextual information, available at the website for each publication.
    All rankings for individual variables are compiled on the basis of OECD and G20 countries for which data are available. The OECD average includes only OECD countries which are listed here: http://www.oecd.org/about/membersandpartners/

    *TALIS averages are based on all countries participating in the TALIS survey, including partner countries and economies. This explains the difference between the OECD average and the TALIS average. Data from the TALIS survey and Education at a Glance (EAG) may differ. See Annex E of the TALIS technical report and Annex 3 of EAG 2019 for more details about the data collections.

    B-S-J-Z (China) refers to the four PISA-participating provinces/municipalities of the People's Republic of China: Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

    For additional notes, please refer to annexes in the list of links below the introductory country profile text.