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Hungary
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Hungary
Overview of the education system (EAG 2021)
  • In Hungary, men are more likely than women to pursue a vocational track. In 2019, 69% of upper secondary vocational graduates were men, compared to 55% on average across OECD countries.
  • In Hungary, 36% of 25-34 year-old women had a tertiary qualification in 2020 compared to 25% of their male peers.
  • In 2018, Hungary invested a total of USD 7 153 per student on primary to tertiary institutions compared to USD 10 454 on average across OECD countries. This represents 3.8% of GDP, compared to 4.9% on average across OECD countries.
  • In 2019, 93% of 3-5 year-olds were enrolled in early childhood education and care programmes and primary education in Hungary, compared to 88% on average across OECD countries.
  • Statutory salaries of teachers with maximum qualifications at the top of their salary scales are 130% to 155% higher than those of teachers with the minimum qualifications at the start of their career at pre-primary (ISCED 02), primary and general lower and upper secondary levels in Hungary compared to 86% - 91% on average.
    • | Education at a Glance 2021 | Country Note | Annexes from Education at a Glance 2021 | OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics 2018 | OECD Education Policy Outlook: Hungary | Oktatáskutató és Fejleszto Intézet (Hungarian Institute for Educational Research and Development) (in English) | Központi Statisztikai Hivatal (Hungarian Central Statistical Office) (in English) | Oktatási Hivatal (in Hungarian) |
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    The following list displays indicators for which your selected country shows the highest and lowest values among countries. The list can be sorted by level of education or by age group. All rankings are calculated including available data from OECD and partner countries. Find out more about the methodology here.

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    Attainment

    The level of tertiary attainment among 25-34 year-olds is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (30.7 %, rank 37/45 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who have attained a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary qualification is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (46.4 %, rank 5/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-34 year-olds who have attained a vocational degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (38.6 %, rank 5/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 55-64 year-olds who have attained a vocational degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (52 %, rank 5/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The level of short-cycle tertiary attainment among 25-34 year-olds is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.1 %, rank 27/35 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The level of short-cycle tertiary attainment among 55-64 year-olds is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.3 %, rank 35/38 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Attainment by gender

    The proportion of 25-34 year-old men who have attained tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25.3 %, rank 38/45 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Hungary has one of the smallest share of women among 55-64 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education. (43.8 %, rank 25/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Participation in education

    The enrolment rate of 6-14 year-olds in Hungary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (95.3 %, rank 41/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students in independent private tertiary educational institutions is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5 %, rank 24/30 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of students enrolled in school- and work-based programmes among all upper secondary students enrolled in vocational programmes is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (100 %, rank 1/22 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of students enrolled in programmes providing full completion and access to tertiary education among all students enrolled in upper secondary vocational programmes is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.2 %, rank 34/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation expectancy

    In Hungary, the percentage of today's young people expected to graduate from a doctoral or equivalent programme before the age of 35 ranks as one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.6 %, rank 23/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Hungary has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to obtain a bachelor's or an equivalent degree before the age of 30. (20 %, rank 29/31 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Excluding mobile students, Hungary has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to obtain a bachelor's or an equivalent degree before the age of 30. (18.7 %, rank 24/27 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of today's young people expected to obtain a master's or an equivalent degree before the age of 35 is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (13.5 %, rank 22/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Among OECD countries and partner economies with available data, Hungary has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to graduate from tertiary education before the age of 30. (25.2 %, rank 27/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Excluding mobile students, Hungary has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to graduate from tertiary education before the age of 30. (23.2 %, rank 25/25 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of men (excluding international students) expected to be first-time graduates from tertiary education before the age of 30 is relatively small. (18.7 %, rank 25/25 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of women (excluding international students) expected to be first-time graduates from tertiary education before the age of 30 is relatively small. (27.9 %, rank 25/25 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of young people expected to be first-time graduates from post-secondary non-tertiary education before turning 30 is one of the highest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (17.6 %, rank 3/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation

    The percentage of first-time graduates in vocational programmes at upper secondary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (19.7 %, rank 30/36 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of long first degree master's graduates in public institutions is relatively low in Hungary. (86.4 %, rank 18/22 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of first-time short-cycle graduates is relatively low in Hungary. (7.1 %, rank 19/26 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of first-time graduates in vocational programmes at post-secondary non-tertiary level is comparatively important . (100 %, rank 1/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation by gender

    The share of female graduates from upper secondary general programmes is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (47.4 %, rank 41/42 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of female graduates from upper secondary vocational programmes is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (30.6 %, rank 39/39 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of female doctoral graduates in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is relatively low. (40.2 %, rank 35/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of male tertiary graduates in the field of health and welfare is relatively low in Hungary. (5.6 %, rank 37/43 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation by age

    In Hungary, the average age of post-secondary non-tertiary graduates from vocational programmes is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data (24.1 Years, rank 20/23 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The average age of upper secondary graduates from vocational programmes in Hungary is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data (23 Years, rank 10/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.5 %, rank 37/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of business, aministration and law is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9 %, rank 29/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (52.7 %, rank 2/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (4.2 %, rank 26/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of services is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (29.9 %, rank 1/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Fields of education

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of health and welfare is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (68.8 %, rank 32/36 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of health and welfare among all national tertiary students in Hungary is relatively low. (8.5 %, rank 31/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is relatively small. (2.5 %, rank 30/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes in field of health and welfare is relatively small. (0.7 %, rank 28/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Student mobility

    Hungary has one of the largest proportion of international or foreign students enrolled in tertiary education among OECD and partner countries with available data. (12.6 %, rank 9/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of new international entrants in master's long first degree (LFD) programmes is relatively high. (31.5 %, rank 3/22 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of international graduates among first-time doctorate graduates is relatively low. (11.2 %, rank 22/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Student mobility by field of education

    In Hungary, the percentage of international doctoral graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.9 %, rank 34/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Adult learning

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults in formal and/or non-formal education and training is comparatively low (89 %, rank 20/26 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults in formal education and training is comparatively low (322 %, rank 21/26 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults without an upper secondary education in formal and/or non-formal education and training is comparatively low (65 %, rank 19/24 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults with upper secondary or post-secondary education in formal and/or non-formal education and training is comparatively low (58 %, rank 23/26 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults with upper secondary or post-secondary education in formal education and training is comparatively low (263 %, rank 22/24 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The annual training costs per participant are one of the highest across OECD countries and partner countries. (2438.4 %, rank 5/25 , 2015) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the annual training costs as a share of total labour costs is relatively high compared to other OECD countries and partner countries. (1.8 %, rank 8/25 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Adult participation in non-formal education

    In Hungary, the proportion of employed adults participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (65.9 %, rank 6/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of adults employed in enterprises of 1-9 persons and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (50.2 %, rank 9/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of adults employed in enterprises of over 249 persons and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (76.4 %, rank 9/35 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of adults employed in the private sector and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (64.1 %, rank 4/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The percentage of employed adults participating in non-job-related non-formal education and training not sponsored by the employer is relatively low in Hungary. (3.6 %, rank 31/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Hungary had one of the smallest share of adults employed in enterprises of 1-9 persons and participating in non-job-related non-formal education and training not sponsored by the employer. (4.1 %, rank 30/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Hungary had one of the smallest share of adults employed in the private sector and participating in non-job-related non-formal education and training not sponsored by the employer. (2.9 %, rank 33/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Hungary had one of the smallest share of adults employed in the public sector and participating in non-job-related non-formal education and training not sponsored by the employer. (3.6 %, rank 33/35 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults without an upper secondary education in non-formal education and training is comparatively low (23 %, rank 34/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the number of annual hours of participation of adults with upper secondary or post-secondary education in non-formal education and training is comparatively low (34 %, rank 34/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student

    Annual expenditure per student from primary to tertiary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8255 USD Equivalent, rank 28/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per primary student is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5784 USD Equivalent, rank 34/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per secondary student is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7319 USD Equivalent, rank 29/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education in Hungary is comparatively low. (6274 USD Equivalent, rank 22/27 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on primary to tertiary education in Hungary is comparatively low. (7023 USD Equivalent, rank 20/24 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student on research and development for primary to tertiary education in Hungary is comparatively low. (354 USD Equivalent, rank 30/35 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education, is relatively low. (7153 USD Equivalent, rank 28/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    At primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level, the public expenditure on public educational institutions per full-time equivalent student is comparatively low in Hungary. (6586 USD Equivalent, rank 29/38 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6805 USD Equivalent 2015, rank 29/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary to tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7853 USD Equivalent 2015, rank 29/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Expenditure in education and national wealth

    In Hungary, expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies. (3.8 %, rank 31/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, expenditure on primary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively low. (0.7 %, rank 34/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, public and private expenditure on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively low. (2.8 %, rank 32/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, public expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary to tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively low. (3.3 %, rank 33/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The average annual growth in the number of full-time equivalent student (2012 to 2018) at primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level is comparatively small in Hungary. (-1.6 %, rank 34/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure on educational institutions at primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level is relatively high in Hungary. (4.9 %, rank 2/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the international expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds on primary to tertiary education is high. (0 USD Equivalent, rank 2/29 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in the number of full-time equivalent student from primary to tertiary education is one of the smallest in Hungary among OECD and partner countries with available data. (-2.1 %, rank 33/35 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure on primary to tertiary education in Hungary is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3.8 %, rank 3/30 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary to tertiary education in Hungary is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6 %, rank 1/29 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in the number of full-time equivalent student in tertiary education is one of the smallest in Hungary. (-4.2 %, rank 34/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on tertiary education in Hungary is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5.7 %, rank 2/29 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Public and private expenditure in education

    In Hungary, total public expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively low. (7.4 %, rank 40/41 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, total public expenditure on primary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively low. (1.4 %, rank 40/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure, for primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low in Hungary compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (5.6 %, rank 40/41 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The relative share of international expenditure on primary to tertiary education from initial source of funds is relatively small in Hungary. (0.5 %, rank 20/29 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Compared to 2015, the share of total public expenditure from initial source of funds for primary to tertiary education is comparatively large in Hungary. (113 Index, rank 8/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Nature of expenditure

    In Hungary, the share of capital expenditure on primary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.6 %, rank 24/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of current expenditure on primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (93.4 %, rank 10/33 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The share of capital expenditure for primary to tertiary education in Hungary is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.5 %, rank 9/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The share of current expenditure for primary to tertiary education in Hungary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (89.5 %, rank 23/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of capital expenditure on post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively high . (10.6 %, rank 5/17 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of current expenditure on post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (89.4 %, rank 13/17 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of capital expenditure on tertiary education is relatively in Hungary. (18.7 %, rank 2/32 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of current expenditure on tertiary education is relatively in Hungary. (81.3 %, rank 30/32 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Teachers

    The number of hours per year primary teachers spend teaching in public institutions is comparatively low in Hungary. (648 Hours, rank 26/32 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Who the teachers are

    The share of women among teaching staff in pre-primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (99.6 %, rank 2/39 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (95.8 %, rank 3/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in lower secondary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (76.4 %, rank 9/40 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (41.1 %, rank 30/39 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (75.4 %, rank 10/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary teachers younger than 30 is especially low. (6.5 %, rank 34/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of lower secondary teachers younger than 30 is especially low. (4.2 %, rank 31/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of upper secondary teachers younger than 30 is especially low. (3.4 %, rank 32/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers younger than 30 is especially low. (4.7 %, rank 34/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers older than 50 is especially high. (45 %, rank 7/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in general upper secondary education in Hungary is relatively large. (68.1 %, rank 9/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers younger than 30 in primary education is especially high in Hungary. (91.3 %, rank 6/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of female teachers younger than 30 in tertiary education is relatively small . (46.1 %, rank 27/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Females aged 50 or more represent a large proportion of teachers in primary education in Hungary. (95.9 %, rank 3/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers aged 50 or more in lower secondary education is especially high in Hungary. (75.7 %, rank 10/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers aged 50 or more in tertiary education is especially low in Hungary. (36.1 %, rank 24/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries

    The ratio of pre-primary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.58 Ratio, rank 20/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The ratio of primary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.61 Ratio, rank 24/25 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.61 Ratio, rank 25/25 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The ratio of upper secondary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.66 Ratio, rank 24/25 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The change between 2005 and 2013 in statutory salaries for lower secondary teachers with 15 years of experience and minimum training is comparatively large in Hungary. (126 Index, rank 4/25 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, an upper secondary teacher can expect to have one of the lowest salaries per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (34 USD Equivalent, rank 26/28 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a primary teacher can expect to have one of the lowest salaries per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (31 USD Equivalent, rank 26/28 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a lower secondary teacher can expect to have one of the lowest salaries per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (34 USD Equivalent, rank 26/28 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual pre-primary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (24647 USD Equivalent, rank 20/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual primary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25728 USD Equivalent, rank 25/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual lower secondary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25728 USD Equivalent, rank 26/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual upper secondary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (27979 USD Equivalent, rank 25/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a lower secondary teacher with typical qualification can expect to have one of the lowest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (19891 USD Equivalent, rank 32/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, an upper secondary teacher with typical qualification can expect to have one of the lowest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (22101 USD Equivalent, rank 32/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a pre-primary teacher with typical qualification can expect to have one of the lowest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (19891 USD Equivalent, rank 26/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a primary teacher with typical qualification can expect to have one of the lowest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (19891 USD Equivalent, rank 32/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a pre-primary teacher can expect to have one of the lowest salaries per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15 USD Equivalent, rank 19/20 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary female teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year women workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.73 Ratio, rank 21/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary male teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year men workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.49 Ratio, rank 21/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salary of 25-64 year-old lower secondary teachers is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25794 USD Equivalent, rank 23/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salary 25-64 year-old lower secondary teachers is one of the lowest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25366 USD Equivalent, rank 23/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 25-34 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.51 Ratio, rank 21/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 35-44 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.51 Ratio, rank 21/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 45-54 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.62 Ratio, rank 20/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 55-64 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.69 Ratio, rank 18/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-34 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Hungary relatively compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (19108 USD Equivalent, rank 22/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 35-44 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Hungary. (22690 USD Equivalent, rank 23/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 45-54 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Hungary. (27048 USD Equivalent, rank 22/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the lowest in Hungary. (29164 USD Equivalent, rank 22/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The change in statutory pre-primary teachers' salaries with 15 years of experience, based on most prevalent qualifications at different points in their careers is comparatively large in Hungary. (136 Index, rank 3/20 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries progression

    Starting salaries for teachers with minimum training in primary education are especially low. (15813 USD Equivalent, rank 35/37 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of primary school teachers with minimum training after 10 years of experience are especially low. (18519 USD Equivalent, rank 33/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of primary school teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially low. (26064 USD Equivalent, rank 31/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for lower secondary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (15813 USD Equivalent, rank 35/37 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of lower secondary teachers with minimum training after 10 years of experience are especially low. (18519 USD Equivalent, rank 33/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for upper secondary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (15813 USD Equivalent, rank 35/37 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of upper secondary teachers with minimum training after 10 years of experience are especially low. (20577 USD Equivalent, rank 32/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of upper secondary teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially low. (28960 USD Equivalent, rank 32/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for pre-primary teachers with minimum training are especially low. (15813 USD Equivalent, rank 27/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of pre-primary teachers with minimum training after 10 years of experience are especially low. (18519 USD Equivalent, rank 26/28 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of pre-primary teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially low. (26064 USD Equivalent, rank 24/28 , 2020) Download Indicator

    It takes lower secondary teachers longer to progress through the salary scale in Hungary compared to other OECD and partner countries. (42 Years, rank 1/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In lower secondary education, the salary ratio of teachers with maximum qualifications at the top of the salary scale to those with minimum training and starting salaries is comparatively high. (2.55 Ratio, rank 7/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Principals' salaries

    Pre-primary school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.79 Ratio, rank 17/17 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Primary school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.81 Ratio, rank 22/22 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Lower-secondary school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.81 Ratio, rank 22/22 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Upper-secondary school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Hungary. (0.88 Ratio, rank 21/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average pre-primary school heads' actual salary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (33244 USD Equivalent, rank 17/18 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average primary school heads' actual salary is one of the lowest in Hungary relatively compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (34330 USD Equivalent, rank 22/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average lower secondary school heads' actual salary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (34330 USD Equivalent, rank 22/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average upper-secondary school heads' actual salary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (37100 USD Equivalent, rank 22/22 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the average actual salaries of 25-34 year-old lower-secondary school heads is relatively low compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (26091 USD Equivalent, rank 17/17 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 35-44 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the lowest in Hungary. (29099 USD Equivalent, rank 21/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 45-54 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the lowest in Hungary. (34999 USD Equivalent, rank 20/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the lowest in Hungary. (37997 USD Equivalent, rank 20/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of lower secondary men school heads aged 25 to 64 is one of the lowest in Hungary. (35758 USD Equivalent, rank 20/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of lower secondary women school heads aged 25 to 64 is one of the lowest in Hungary. (34649 USD Equivalent, rank 20/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Ratio of student to teaching staff

    The number of students per teacher in tertiary institutions is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (11.4 Ratio, rank 29/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The number of students per teacher in primary schools is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner countries with available data. (10 Ratio, rank 41/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The ratio of students to teaching staff in post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low in Hungary. (7.8 Ratio, rank 18/19 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Organisation of the education system

    In Hungary, total intended instruction time for primary students is relatively short. (2712 Hours, rank 27/29 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the average intended instruction time, in hours per year, for primary students is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (678 Hours, rank 25/29 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, total compulsory instruction time for primary and lower secondary students is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5880 Hours, rank 36/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, total intended instruction time for primary and lower secondary students is relatively short. (5880 Hours, rank 28/29 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the average compulsory instruction time, in hours per year, for lower secondary students is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (792 Hours, rank 33/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The average hours per year dedicated to intended instruction time for lower secondary students in Hungary is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (792 Hours, rank 29/29 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Employment and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (76.5 %, rank 8/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Employment by gender and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old men with tertiary education is compartively high in Hungary. (93.9 %, rank 4/44 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Unemployment and educational attainment

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with tertiary education is comparatively low. (2.8 %, rank 40/44 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The inactivity rate of 25-34 years-old adults with tertiary education is high in Hungary. (15.9 %, rank 9/44 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (4.3 %, rank 25/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (4.8 %, rank 34/38 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old men with vocational upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (3.7 %, rank 26/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old women with vocational upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (5.5 %, rank 25/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings and educational attainment

    The earnings of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low compared to those of adults with an upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education. (70 Index, rank 31/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old adults with tertiary education and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is quite high. (169 Index, rank 7/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Compared with other OECD and partner countries, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old adults with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is high. (160 Index, rank 8/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old men with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is high. (187 Index, rank 4/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings of 25-64 year-old full and part-time workers with tertiary education are comparatively high. (175 Index, rank 7/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings, gender and educational attainment

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds without an upper secondary education with income from employment) are one of the highest among countries with available data. (86.6 %, rank 1/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with upper secondary education or post-secondary non-tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the highest among countries with available data. (85.5 %, rank 1/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (68.4 %, rank 35/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-64 year-olds with income from employment) are one of the highest among countries with available data. (84.4 %, rank 10/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Social outcomes

    In Hungary, the proportion of adults who reported being interested in politics is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (24.4 %, rank 27/28 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of adults without an upper secondary education who reported being interested in politics is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (10.9 %, rank 25/25 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of adults with an upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education who reported being interested in politics is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (24.3 %, rank 27/28 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Participation in education by gender

    In Hungary, the proportion of men (excluding international students) expected to enter bachelor's programmes before the age of 25 is relatively small. (26.2 %, rank 27/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the proportion of women (excluding international students) expected to enter bachelor's programmes before the age of 25 is relatively small. (31 %, rank 30/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the percentage of men (excluding international students) expected to enter tertiary education before the age of 25 is relatively low. (33.1 %, rank 27/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the percentage of women (excluding international students) expected to enter tertiary education before the age of 25 is relatively low. (41.8 %, rank 27/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Entrance

    In Hungary, the percentage of young people expected to enter in a bachelor's or equivalent programme before the age of 25 is relatively low. (31.4 %, rank 34/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the percentage of young people expected to enter into tertiary education before the age of 25 is relatively low. (42.6 %, rank 30/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the percentage of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes younger than 25 is relatively high. (81.6 %, rank 7/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the percentage of first-time entrants into tertiary education younger than 25 is relatively high. (88.2 %, rank 8/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of youth (excluding international students) expected to enter bachelor's or equivalent programme before the age of 25 is comparatively low in Hungary. (28.5 %, rank 30/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of youth (excluding international students) expected to enter tertiary education before the age of 25 is comparatively low in Hungary. (37.4 %, rank 27/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Hungary, the share of first-time entrants into master's or equivalent programmes before the age of 30 is relatively high. (87 %, rank 9/38 , 2019) Download Indicator


    The data table will display up to six selected countries.
    General findings
    
                        
    
                            
    
                                
    • One in five  adults across the OECD has not attained upper secondary education.
    •  In 2020, the unemployment rate of adults that had not completed upper secondary education was almost twice as high  as those with higher qualifications, and 27%  of these adults earn only at or below half the median on average across OECD countries.
    • In 2019, at least 10% of school-aged youth were not in school in about a quarter of OECD countries.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Attainment | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | Education policies: Access and Participation  | 
    
                            
    
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    •  In 2019, women made up 55%  of new entrants to tertiary education on average. If current patterns continue, it is expected that 46%  of young women will graduate with a tertiary degree for the first time before they turn 30, 15 percentage  points more than men.
    • Women also earn on average about 76-78% of men’s salaries regardless of educational attainment, although the gender gap narrowed by 2 percentage points  between 2013 and 2019.
    • Women are less likely than men to enter a STEM field of study, and the average share remained generally stable  between 2013 and 2019.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Gender | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | Education policies: Access and Participation  | 
    
                            
    
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    • On average across countries, expenditure on educational institutions amounted to approximately USD 9 300 per student at pre-primary level; USD 10 500  at primary, secondary and post-secondary non tertiary level; and USD 17 100  at tertiary level.
    • The public sector funds 90% of total expenditure on primary and secondary institutions on average, often compulsory in most OECD countries, compared to 83% at pre-primary level and 66% at tertiary level.
    •  In 2018, the OECD countries spent on average 4.9%  of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on primary to tertiary educational institutions.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Finance and Funding | How has private expenditure on tertiary education evolved over time and how does it affect participation in education? | How much would it cost to reduce class size by one student? | 
    
                            
    
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    • In 2019, less than 5% of pre-primary teachers were men, compared to 18% at primary level, 40% at upper secondary level and more than 50% at  tertiary level on average.
    • Between 2005 and 2020, on average across OECD countries and economies with available data for all reference years, the statutory salaries of teachers with 15 years of experience and the most prevalent qualifications increased by 3%  at primary level, 4%  at lower secondary level (general programmes) and 2%  at upper secondary level (general programmes).
    • In most countries, teachers above 50 years of age make up more than a third of the teaching force. 
    • Attracting male teachers to the profession can be difficult: While the average actual salary of female teachers is equal to or higher than the average salary of other full-time, tertiary-educated women, primary and secondary male teachers earn between 76% and 85%  of the average earnings of other full-time, tertiary-educated men.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Teachers | OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS)  | Teachers' salaries evolution and how they compare to those of tertiary-educated workers | How do primary and secondary teachers compare? | 
    
                            
    
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    • On average across OECD countries, 87% of children aged 3-5 are enrolled in education on average across OECD countries compared to 25% for children below the age of 3.
    • There are 15 children for every teacher at pre-primary level on average across OECD countries.
    • Half of children enrolled in early childhood development services and a two-thirds of pre-primary children attend public institutions on average across OECD countries
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Access and Participation - Early Childhood Education | OECD Early Childhood Education and Care Project | Starting Strong 2017: Key OECD Indicators on Early Childhood Education and Care | Starting Strong V: Transitions from Early Childhood Education and Care to Primary Education | Who bears the cost of early childhood education and how does it affect enrolment? | Access to early childhood and the participation of women in the labour market | 
    
                            
    
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            Diagram of funding flows - Hungary
            
    
            
    
        
    


        
		
    
            
    
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				Key
            
    
            Country Reviews for Hungary
            
    
            
    
			
    
        
    
		
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
        
    
            Note: These values should be interpreted with care since they are influenced
            by countries' specific contexts and trade-offs. In education, there is often no simple
            most- or least-efficient model. For instance, the share of private expenditure in
            education must be read against other measures designed to mitigate inequities, 
			such as loans and grants; longer learning time is an opportunity to convey
            more and better content to students, but may hinder investments in other important
            areas. If you want further information on the nature of different variables, please
            take the time to read the analysis and contextual information, available at the website
            for each publication.
    
            All rankings for individual variables are compiled on the basis of OECD and G20 countries for which data are available. 
            The OECD average includes only OECD countries which are listed here: http://www.oecd.org/about/membersandpartners/
            

    
	    *TALIS averages are based on all countries participating in the TALIS survey, including partner countries and economies. 
		This explains the difference between the OECD average and the TALIS averages.
		Data from the TALIS survey and Education at a Glance (EAG) may differ. See Annex E of the TALIS technical report and 
		Annex 3 
		of EAG 2021 for more details about the data collections.
            

    
			B-S-J-Z (China) refers to the four PISA-participating provinces/municipalities of the People's Republic of China:
Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
			

    
            For additional notes, please refer to annexes in the list of links below the introductory country profile text.