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Austria
Overview of the education system (EAG 2021)
  • In Austria, men are more likely than women to pursue a vocational track. In 2019, 54% of upper secondary vocational graduates were men, compared to 55% on average across OECD countries.
  • In Austria, 46% of 25-34 year-old women had a tertiary qualification in 2020 compared to 37% of their male peers.
  • In 2018, Austria invested a total of USD 15 254 per student on primary to tertiary institutions compared to USD 10 454 on average across OECD countries. This represents 4.7% of GDP, compared to 4.9% on average across OECD countries.
  • In 2019, 90% of 3-5 year-olds were enrolled in early childhood education and care programmes and primary education in Austria, compared to 88% on average across OECD countries.
  • Statutory salaries of teachers with maximum qualifications at the top of their salary scales are 75% to 99% higher than those of teachers with the minimum qualifications at the start of their career at pre-primary (ISCED 02), primary and general lower and upper secondary levels in Austria compared to 86% - 91% on average.
    • | Education at a Glance 2021 | Country Note | Annexes from Education at a Glance 2021 | OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics 2018 | OECD Education Policy Outlook: Austria | Bundesministerium für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung (Ministry for Education, Science and Research) | Statistik Austria (Statistics Austria) |
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    The following list displays indicators for which your selected country shows the highest and lowest values among countries. The list can be sorted by level of education or by age group. All rankings are calculated including available data from OECD and partner countries. Find out more about the methodology here.

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    Attainment

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who have attained a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary qualification is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (45.2 %, rank 6/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who have attained a general upper secondary or post-secondary qualification is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.2 %, rank 36/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of 25-64 year-olds who attained a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (4.5 %, rank 43/46 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-34 year-olds who have attained a vocational degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (39.6 %, rank 4/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 55-64 year-olds who have attained a vocational degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (50.5 %, rank 6/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-34 year-olds who have attained a general degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.1 %, rank 37/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 55-64 year-olds who have attained a general degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5 %, rank 35/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The level of short-cycle tertiary attainment among 25-34 year-olds is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15.9 %, rank 5/35 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The level of short-cycle tertiary attainment among 55-64 year-olds is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (13.8 %, rank 6/38 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Participation in education

    The proportion of upper secondary students enrolled in vocational programmes is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (68.8 %, rank 3/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of upper secondary 15-19-year-old students enrolled in vocational programmes is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (68.5 %, rank 2/42 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation expectancy

    In Austria, the percentage of today's young people expected to graduate from a doctoral or equivalent programme before the age of 35 ranks as one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.3 %, rank 6/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Austria has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to obtain a bachelor's or an equivalent degree before the age of 30. (22.7 %, rank 28/31 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Excluding mobile students, Austria has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to obtain a bachelor's or an equivalent degree before the age of 30. (18.6 %, rank 25/27 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation

    The percentage of first-time graduates in vocational programmes at upper secondary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (75.6 %, rank 1/36 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of bachelor's or equivalent graduates in public institutions is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (59.7 %, rank 26/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of first-time short-cycle graduates is relatively high in Austria. (47.5 %, rank 1/26 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of first-time bachelor's graduates is relatively low in Austria. (34.2 %, rank 30/30 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of first-time master's graduates is relatively high in Austria. (18.3 %, rank 3/23 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of first-time graduates in vocational programmes at post-secondary non-tertiary level is comparatively important . (100 %, rank 1/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation by gender

    The share of female graduates from upper secondary general programmes is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (49 %, rank 34/42 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of female doctoral graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is relatively low. (26 %, rank 35/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of female graduates among post-secondary non-tertiary graduates from vocational programmes in Austria is relatively high. (74.5 %, rank 2/25 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of female tertiary graduates in the field of sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15.6 %, rank 8/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of male tertiary graduates in the field of social sciences, journalism and information is relatively small. (5 %, rank 34/43 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of male tertiary graduates in the field of science, technology, engineering and mathematics is relatively high in Austria. (50.4 %, rank 3/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of male tertiary graduates in the field of health and welfare is relatively low in Austria. (6 %, rank 35/43 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of female post-secondary non-tertiary graduates in the field of business, administration and law is relatively small. (52.1 %, rank 20/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation by age

    In Austria, the average age of first-time tertiary graduates is relatively low. (24 Years, rank 23/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of first-time doctorate graduates younger than 35 is relatively high. (73.2 %, rank 6/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (21 %, rank 3/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.7 %, rank 36/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of business, administration and law in Austria is relatively large. (12.5 %, rank 9/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction in Austria is relatively large. (23.1 %, rank 6/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of business, aministration and law is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (27.1 %, rank 7/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3.8 %, rank 27/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of business, aministration and law is relatively low. (8.5 %, rank 19/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is relatively low. (0.6 %, rank 22/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of services is relatively low. (1 %, rank 23/24 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Fields of education

    In Austria, the percentage of new entrants to tertiary education in the field of health and welfare is relatively low. (7.8 %, rank 34/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of health and welfare among all national tertiary students in Austria is relatively low. (8.8 %, rank 30/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of female among new entrants in doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction in Austria is relatively small. (25.5 %, rank 31/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of female among new entrants in doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of health and welfare is relatively small. (53.8 %, rank 32/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Student mobility

    Austria has one of the largest proportion of international or foreign students enrolled in tertiary education among OECD and partner countries with available data. (17.6 %, rank 6/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, international or foreign students from Europe are most represented among all international or foreign students, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (83.4 %, rank 5/75 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of international graduates among bachelor's first-time graduates is relatively high. (18.1 %, rank 4/29 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of international graduates among first-time doctorate graduates is relatively high. (37.6 %, rank 8/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Student mobility by field of education

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of arts and humanities among all international or foreign tertiary students in Austria is relatively high. (14.3 %, rank 10/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of social sciences, journalism and information among all international or foreign tertiary students in Austria is relatively high. (16.2 %, rank 2/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics among all international or foreign tertiary students in Austria is relatively high. (10.8 %, rank 8/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Adult learning

    In Austria, the annual training costs as a share of total labour costs is relatively low compared to other OECD countries and partner countries. (1.3 %, rank 18/25 , 2015) Download Indicator

    In enterprises of ver 249 employed persons, the annual training costs as a share of total labour costs is relatively low. (1.5 %, rank 18/25 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Adult participation in non-formal education

    In Austria, the proportion of employed adults participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (67.4 %, rank 5/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of adults employed in enterprises of 1-9 persons and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (60.1 %, rank 3/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of adults employed in enterprises of over 249 persons and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (76.6 %, rank 7/35 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of adults employed in the private sector and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (62.3 %, rank 5/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of adults employed in the public sector and participating in non-formal education and training is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (81.9 %, rank 6/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The percentage of employed adults participating in job-related non-formal education and training sponsored by the employer is relatively high. (55.1 %, rank 8/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of adults employed in enterprises of 1-9 persons and participating in job-related non-formal education and training sponsored by the employer is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (43.4 %, rank 5/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of adults employed in enterprises of over of 249 persons and participating in job-related non-formal education and training sponsored by the employer is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (67.9 %, rank 8/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (20452 USD Equivalent, rank 10/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per student from primary to tertiary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (16837 USD Equivalent, rank 4/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per primary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (13151 USD Equivalent, rank 5/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per secondary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (16747 USD Equivalent, rank 2/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per student in post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5571 USD Equivalent, rank 16/19 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (14980 USD Equivalent, rank 5/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the total expenditure on educational institutions per full-time equivalent student in primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education, is relatively high. (15254 USD Equivalent, rank 3/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    At primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level, the public expenditure on public educational institutions per full-time equivalent student is comparatively high in Austria. (15346 USD Equivalent, rank 4/38 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (13964 USD Equivalent 2015, rank 3/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The public expenditure per full-time equivalent student from primary to tertiary education is relatively high in Austria. (16890 USD Equivalent, rank 4/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary to tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15413 USD Equivalent 2015, rank 4/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The public expenditure on public educational institutions per full-time equivalent student at tertiary level is comparatively high in Austria. (20853 USD Equivalent, rank 6/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (18723 USD Equivalent 2015, rank 10/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Expenditure in education and national wealth

    In Austria, expenditure on primary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively low. (0.9 %, rank 31/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, expenditure on tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively high. (1.7 %, rank 7/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, private expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary to tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively low. (0.3 %, rank 29/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the private expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds on primary to post-secondary non-tertiary level is low. (0.1 %, rank 18/25 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure on educational institutions at primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level is relatively low in Austria. (0.5 %, rank 24/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The proportion of private expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds for primary to tertiary education is comparatively small in Austria. (0.3 %, rank 18/25 , 2018) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure on primary to tertiary education in Austria is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.8 %, rank 23/30 , 2018) Download Indicator

    At tertiary level, the public expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds is comparatively high in Austria. (1.6 %, rank 2/27 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Public and private expenditure in education

    The share of private expenditure on all levels below tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (4.4 %, rank 28/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The share of private expenditure on tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.5 %, rank 33/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Austria has one of the smallest shares of private expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (6.7 %, rank 30/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, total public expenditure on primary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively low. (1.8 %, rank 38/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The share of public expenditure on educational institutions, for tertiary education is comparatively large. (89.5 %, rank 4/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of public expenditure on educational institutions, for primary to tertiary education is comparatively large. (93.3 %, rank 6/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure, for primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low in Austria compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (6 %, rank 39/41 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the relative share of public expenditure from initial sources of funds on primary to post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (96.8 %, rank 4/26 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the relative share of private expenditure from initial sources of funds on primary to post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3.2 %, rank 21/26 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the relative share of public expenditure from initial source of funds at primary to tertiary education is relatively high . (94.1 %, rank 5/25 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Compared to 2015, the share of total public expenditure from initial source of funds for primary to tertiary education is comparatively small in Austria. (101 Index, rank 27/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the relative share of private expenditure from initial source of funds for primary to tertiary education is relatively small. (5.9 %, rank 20/25 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the relative share of public expenditure from initial source of funds on tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (89.5 %, rank 4/26 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the relative share of private expenditure from initial source of funds on tertiary education is comparatively small. (10.5 %, rank 19/26 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Nature of expenditure

    The percentage of capital expenditure on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively in Austria. (4.7 %, rank 27/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of current expenditure on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (95.3 %, rank 8/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The share of capital expenditure for primary to tertiary education in Austria is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.5 %, rank 24/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The share of current expenditure for primary to tertiary education in Austria is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (93.5 %, rank 7/31 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of capital expenditure on secondary education is relatively in Austria. (3 %, rank 31/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of current expenditure on secondary education is relatively in Austria. (97 %, rank 3/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of capital expenditure on post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (0.9 %, rank 15/17 , 2018) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of current expenditure on post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively high . (99.1 %, rank 3/17 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Teachers

    The number of hours per year lower secondary teachers spend teaching in public institutions is comparatively low in Austria. (635 Hours, rank 23/32 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Who the teachers are

    The share of women among teaching staff in primary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (92 %, rank 8/44 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (69.2 %, rank 2/20 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in tertiary education (bachelor's, master's, doctorate or equivalent education) is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (41.2 %, rank 23/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (46.2 %, rank 34/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of lower secondary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (40.2 %, rank 34/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (43.2 %, rank 34/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers older than 50 is especially high. (43.5 %, rank 9/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the share of women among teaching staff in vocational upper secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (50.4 %, rank 22/30 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers younger than 30 in primary education is especially high in Austria. (93.7 %, rank 2/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers under 30 in lower secondary education is especially high in Austria. (76.2 %, rank 5/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Females under 30 represent a large proportion of teachers in upper secondary education in Austria. (71.7 %, rank 6/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Females aged 50 or more represent a large proportion of teachers in primary education in Austria. (92.1 %, rank 8/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries

    The average actual lower secondary teacher's salary among teachers aged between 25-64 is one of the highest per hour of net teaching time among OECD and partner countries with available data. (69868 USD Equivalent, rank 3/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    After 15 years of experience, a lower secondary teacher with typical qualification can expect to have one of the highest salaries among OECD and partner countries with available data. (57732 USD Equivalent, rank 10/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 25-34 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Austria. (0.86 Ratio, rank 16/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 25-34 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the highest in Austria relatively compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (49902 USD Equivalent, rank 6/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower-secondary teachers is one of the highest in Austria. (88588 USD Equivalent, rank 1/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries progression

    The salary progression from the start to the top of the salary scale for a lower secondary school teacher is among the most rewarding among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.88 Ratio, rank 9/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for teachers with minimum training in primary education are especially high. (45892 USD Equivalent, rank 6/37 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of primary school teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially high. (80386 USD Equivalent, rank 6/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for lower secondary teachers with minimum training are especially high. (45665 USD Equivalent, rank 8/37 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Salaries of lower secondary teachers with minimum training after 10 years of experience are especially high. (51858 USD Equivalent, rank 10/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    It takes lower secondary teachers longer to progress through the salary scale in Austria compared to other OECD and partner countries. (34 Years, rank 9/27 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Principals' salaries

    Lower-secondary school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Austria. (1.15 Ratio, rank 17/22 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average lower secondary school heads' actual salary is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (94690 USD Equivalent, rank 6/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of 55-64 year-old lower secondary school heads is one of the highest in Austria. (101164 USD Equivalent, rank 5/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of lower secondary men school heads aged 25 to 64 is one of the highest in Austria. (95597 USD Equivalent, rank 6/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The average actual salaries of lower secondary women school heads aged 25 to 64 is one of the highest in Austria. (93797 USD Equivalent, rank 6/21 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Ratio of student to teaching staff

    The ratio of students to teaching staff at the lower secondary level is especially low. (8.5 Ratio, rank 38/40 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The number of students per teacher in secondary schools is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.2 Ratio, rank 33/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The ratio of students to teaching staff in short-cycle tertiary programmes is comparatively low in Austria. (8 Ratio, rank 19/21 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The ratio of students to teaching staff in post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low in Austria. (11 Ratio, rank 14/19 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the number of students per teacher in general upper secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.2 Ratio, rank 29/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the number of students per teacher in public lower secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.4 Ratio, rank 39/40 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the number of students per teacher in public upper secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (10.1 Ratio, rank 34/42 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the number of students per teacher in all public secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.1 Ratio, rank 34/38 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Organisation of the education system

    In Austria, total compulsory instruction time for primary and lower secondary students is one of the shortest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6420 Hours, rank 30/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Austria, total compulsory instruction time for lower secondary students is relatively long. (3600 Hours, rank 8/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Employment and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-olds with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is compartively high in Austria. (82.8 %, rank 7/43 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (86 %, rank 8/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Employment by gender and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old women with below upper secondary education is compartively high in Austria. (49.7 %, rank 10/43 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Unemployment and educational attainment

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with below upper secondary education is comparatively high. (20 %, rank 9/42 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (7.2 %, rank 29/38 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-olds with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low. (9.1 %, rank 25/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-olds with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high. (27.3 %, rank 9/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-old women with vocational upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (5.5 %, rank 25/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings and educational attainment

    The earnings of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low compared to those of adults with an upper secondary or a post-secondary non-tertiary education. (70 Index, rank 31/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Compared with other OECD and partner countries, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old adults with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low. (109 Index, rank 33/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The gap in average earnings between 25-64 year-old women with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (111 Index, rank 34/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old men with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low. (116 Index, rank 34/34 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings of 25-64 year-old full- and part-time workers with a Bachelor's or equivalent education are comparatively low. (91 Index, rank 33/33 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings, gender and educational attainment

    The proportion of male full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (40.6 %, rank 25/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (19.5 %, rank 23/27 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of male full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (29 %, rank 24/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (9.2 %, rank 26/26 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of male full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (66.9 %, rank 23/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (24.2 %, rank 27/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (17.7 %, rank 24/25 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of male full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 with tertiary education is comparatively low. (73.7 %, rank 25/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 with tertiary education is comparatively low. (33.5 %, rank 27/28 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with upper secondary education or post-secondary non-tertiary education and income from employment) are one of the highest among countries with available data. (84.4 %, rank 3/37 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Participation in education by gender

    In Austria, the proportion of men (excluding international students) expected to enter bachelor's programmes before the age of 25 is relatively small. (23.9 %, rank 29/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the proportion of women (excluding international students) expected to enter bachelor's programmes before the age of 25 is relatively small. (36 %, rank 29/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Entrance

    In Austria, the average age of new entrants in short-cycle programmes is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (21.4 Years, rank 27/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    In Austria, the percentage of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes younger than 25 is relatively high. (81.6 %, rank 7/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of youth (excluding international students) expected to enter bachelor's or equivalent programme before the age of 25 is comparatively low in Austria. (29.7 %, rank 28/32 , 2019) Download Indicator

    Excluding international students, Austria has one of the highest percentages of young people expected to enter master's programmes before turning 25. (1.9 %, rank 7/35 , 2019) Download Indicator

    The proportion of today's young people (excluding international students) expected to enter master's programmes before the age of 25 is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (1.1 %, rank 10/30 , 2019) Download Indicator


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    General findings
    
                        
    
                            
    
                                
    • One in five  adults across the OECD has not attained upper secondary education.
    •  In 2020, the unemployment rate of adults that had not completed upper secondary education was almost twice as high  as those with higher qualifications, and 27%  of these adults earn only at or below half the median on average across OECD countries.
    • In 2019, at least 10% of school-aged youth were not in school in about a quarter of OECD countries.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Attainment | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | Education policies: Access and Participation  | 
    
                            
    
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    •  In 2019, women made up 55%  of new entrants to tertiary education on average. If current patterns continue, it is expected that 46%  of young women will graduate with a tertiary degree for the first time before they turn 30, 15 percentage  points more than men.
    • Women also earn on average about 76-78% of men’s salaries regardless of educational attainment, although the gender gap narrowed by 2 percentage points  between 2013 and 2019.
    • Women are less likely than men to enter a STEM field of study, and the average share remained generally stable  between 2013 and 2019.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Gender | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | Education policies: Access and Participation  | 
    
                            
    
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    • On average across countries, expenditure on educational institutions amounted to approximately USD 9 300 per student at pre-primary level; USD 10 500  at primary, secondary and post-secondary non tertiary level; and USD 17 100  at tertiary level.
    • The public sector funds 90% of total expenditure on primary and secondary institutions on average, often compulsory in most OECD countries, compared to 83% at pre-primary level and 66% at tertiary level.
    •  In 2018, the OECD countries spent on average 4.9%  of their Gross Domestic Product (GDP) on primary to tertiary educational institutions.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Finance and Funding | How has private expenditure on tertiary education evolved over time and how does it affect participation in education? | How much would it cost to reduce class size by one student? | 
    
                            
    
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    • In 2019, less than 5% of pre-primary teachers were men, compared to 18% at primary level, 40% at upper secondary level and more than 50% at  tertiary level on average.
    • Between 2005 and 2020, on average across OECD countries and economies with available data for all reference years, the statutory salaries of teachers with 15 years of experience and the most prevalent qualifications increased by 3%  at primary level, 4%  at lower secondary level (general programmes) and 2%  at upper secondary level (general programmes).
    • In most countries, teachers above 50 years of age make up more than a third of the teaching force. 
    • Attracting male teachers to the profession can be difficult: While the average actual salary of female teachers is equal to or higher than the average salary of other full-time, tertiary-educated women, primary and secondary male teachers earn between 76% and 85%  of the average earnings of other full-time, tertiary-educated men.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Teachers | OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS)  | Teachers' salaries evolution and how they compare to those of tertiary-educated workers | How do primary and secondary teachers compare? | 
    
                            
    
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    • On average across OECD countries, 87% of children aged 3-5 are enrolled in education on average across OECD countries compared to 25% for children below the age of 3.
    • There are 15 children for every teacher at pre-primary level on average across OECD countries.
    • Half of children enrolled in early childhood development services and a two-thirds of pre-primary children attend public institutions on average across OECD countries
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Access and Participation - Early Childhood Education | OECD Early Childhood Education and Care Project | Starting Strong 2017: Key OECD Indicators on Early Childhood Education and Care | Starting Strong V: Transitions from Early Childhood Education and Care to Primary Education | Who bears the cost of early childhood education and how does it affect enrolment? | Access to early childhood and the participation of women in the labour market | 
    
                            
    
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            Diagram of funding flows - Austria
            
    
            
    
        
    


        
		
    
            
    
			Click on the coverpage to see the full OECD iLibrary version
			
    
				Key
            
    
            Country Reviews for Austria
            
    
            
    
			
    
        
    
		
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
        
    
            Note: These values should be interpreted with care since they are influenced
            by countries' specific contexts and trade-offs. In education, there is often no simple
            most- or least-efficient model. For instance, the share of private expenditure in
            education must be read against other measures designed to mitigate inequities, 
			such as loans and grants; longer learning time is an opportunity to convey
            more and better content to students, but may hinder investments in other important
            areas. If you want further information on the nature of different variables, please
            take the time to read the analysis and contextual information, available at the website
            for each publication.
    
            All rankings for individual variables are compiled on the basis of OECD and G20 countries for which data are available. 
            The OECD average includes only OECD countries which are listed here: http://www.oecd.org/about/membersandpartners/
            

    
	    *TALIS averages are based on all countries participating in the TALIS survey, including partner countries and economies. 
		This explains the difference between the OECD average and the TALIS averages.
		Data from the TALIS survey and Education at a Glance (EAG) may differ. See Annex E of the TALIS technical report and 
		Annex 3 
		of EAG 2021 for more details about the data collections.
            

    
			B-S-J-Z (China) refers to the four PISA-participating provinces/municipalities of the People's Republic of China:
Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
			

    
            For additional notes, please refer to annexes in the list of links below the introductory country profile text.