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Norway
Overview of the education system (EAG 2023)
  • In Norway, 36% of 15-19 year-olds are enrolled in general upper secondary education and 29% in vocational upper secondary education. A further 20% are enrolled in lower secondary programmes and 5% in tertiary programmes. This compares to an OECD average of 37% enrolled in general upper secondary programmes, 23% in vocational upper secondary programmes, 12% in lower secondary programmes and 12% in tertiary programmes.
  • In Norway,21% of 25-34 year-olds have a vocational education and training (VET) qualification as their highest level of attainment: 18% at upper secondary level and 1% at post-secondary non-tertiary level and 2% at short-cycle tertiary level.
  • Workers in Norway aged 25-34 with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary attainment earn 24% more than those without upper secondary attainment, whereas the earning advantage for workers with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary attainment is 6%.
  • In Norway,25-34 year-old workers with bachelor's attainment earn 19% more than their peers without upper secondary attainment, while those with master's or doctoral attainment earn 40% more.
  • Across all levels from primary to tertiary education, Norway spends USD 18 207 annually per full-time equivalent student (adjusted for purchasing power and including expenditure on research and development), compared to the OECD average of USD 12 647.
  • In Norway, in full-time equivalent terms, there are 11 students per staff member in general upper secondary programmes (OECD average: 14 students per staff member) and 11 students for every teaching staff member in vocational upper secondary programmes (OECD average: 15 students per staff member).
    • | Education at a Glance 2023 | Country Note | Annexes from Education at a Glance 2023 | OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics 2018 | OECD Education Policy Outlook: Norway | Kunnskapsdepartementet (Ministry of Education and Research) | Statistisk sentralbyrå (Statistics Norway) |
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    The following list displays indicators for which your selected country shows the highest and lowest values among countries. The list can be sorted by level of education or by age group. All rankings are calculated including available data from OECD and partner countries. Find out more about the methodology here.

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    Attainment

    The level of upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary attainment among 25-34 year-olds is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (27.5 %, rank 40/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Attainment by gender

    The share of 25-34 year-old women who attained upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education in Norway is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (20.7 %, rank 42/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Norway has one of the smallest share of women among 25-34 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education. (33.6 %, rank 32/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of 25-34 year-old men who have attained a short cycle tertiary degree is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data (14.6 %, rank 5/31 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-34 year-old women with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education in Norway is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (7.7 %, rank 35/38 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Attainment by field of education

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of arts is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (2 %, rank 16/18 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of business and administration is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (12.6 %, rank 13/17 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of law is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (2.7 %, rank 14/15 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of business, administration and law is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (15.3 %, rank 29/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of information and communication technologies is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (3 %, rank 27/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of health (medical and dental) is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (3.3 %, rank 10/14 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Entrance

    The share of female new entrants integrating short-cycle tertiary programmes in Norway is comparatively small. (21.7 %, rank 33/34 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Entrance by field of education and gender

    The share of female students entering short cycle tertiary programmes in engineering, manufacturing and construction in Norway is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (6.2 %, rank 31/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of female students entering short cycle tertiaryprogrammes in natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Norway is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (17.6 %, rank 20/21 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of female students entering short cycle tertiary programmes in Science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) in Norway is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (10.1 %, rank 29/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering master's or equivalent programmes in health and welfare in Norway is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (17.8 %, rank 37/38 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of male students entering short-cycle tertiary programmes in health and welfare in Norway is one of the smallest compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (9.5 %, rank 27/29 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of female in short-cycle tertiary programmes in the field of services is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (13.3 %, rank 27/27 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Participation in education

    The percentage of 3-5 year-old children in early childhood and primary education in Norway is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (97.3 %, rank 4/41 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the enrolment rate of children under 3 is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (59.2 %, rank 2/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The enrolment rate of students aged 18 in general upper secondary programmes in Norway is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (62.9 %, rank 5/44 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The enrolment rate of students aged 18 in post-secondary non-tertiary programmes in Norway is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0 %, rank 27/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The enrolment rate of students aged 20 in vocational upper secondary programmes in Norway is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15.7 %, rank 5/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    (100 %, rank 1/30 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The average age of post-secondary non-tertiary students enrolled in vocational programmes in Norway is among the highest. (35.6 %, rank 3/27 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Students enrolled in programmes providing full completion and access to tertiary education among all students enrolled in post-secondary non-tertiary vocational programmes are proportionally more in Norway than in the other countries. (100 %, rank 1/20 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of vocational students as a share of short-cycle tertiary students is among the largest in all OECD and partner countries. (100 %, rank 1/33 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Norway has a share of short-cycle tertiary students enrolled in programmes giving full level completion with access to tertiary education that is higher than other OECD and partner countries; (100 %, rank 1/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of below-two year-olds in early childhood education in Norway is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (41.2 %, rank 5/71 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The enrolment rate among students aged 15-19 in post-secondary non-tertiary programmes in Norway is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0 %, rank 27/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of two-year-olds in early childhood education in Norway is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (94.1 %, rank 3/80 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of female students enrolled in post-secondary non-tertiary programmes is one of the largest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (72 %, rank 2/30 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of female students enrolled in short-cycle tertiary programmes is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (18.3 %, rank 32/33 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Graduation

    In Norway, the average age of post-secondary non-tertiary graduates from vocational programmes is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data (35.5 Years, rank 5/25 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Graduation by gender

    The share of female graduates among post-secondary non-tertiary graduates from vocational programmes in Norway is relatively high. (70.4 %, rank 4/27 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of female first-time graduates in short-cycle tertiary programmes is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (20.8 %, rank 28/28 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of business, administration and law is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (17.2 %, rank 41/44 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of health and welfare in Norway is relatively large. (29.7 %, rank 5/44 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of business, aministration and law is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7.3 %, rank 32/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of upper secondary vocational graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (27.5 %, rank 3/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the percentage of post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is relatively low. (5.4 %, rank 22/25 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary vocational graduates in the field of health and welfare is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (28.6 %, rank 3/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of short-cycle tertiary vocational graduates in the field of STEM is relatively high compared to other OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (64.9 %, rank 2/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education and gender

    The proportion of female tertiary graduates in health and welfare is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries. (27.9 %, rank 4/44 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of female graduates from upper secondary vocational programmes in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries. (7.3 %, rank 37/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of female graduates from upper secondary vocational programmes in the field of services is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries. (38.2 %, rank 38/38 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of social sciences, journalism and information is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (61.2 %, rank 40/44 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of female graduates in tertiary education in the fields of services is one of the smallest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (39.6 %, rank 41/43 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Completion rates

    A relatively low share of students in upper secondary vocational programmes complete their studies within the theoretical programme duration. (48.9 %, rank 16/19 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Fields of education

    In Norway, the share of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes in the field of business, administration and law is relatively small. (2.3 %, rank 30/33 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of new entrants in short-cycle tertiary programmes in field of health and welfare is relatively small. (0.4 %, rank 29/33 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is relatively low, compared to other countries with available data. (10.1 %, rank 34/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the percentage of new entrants to doctoral programmes in the field of health and welfare is relatively high, compared to other countries with available data. (29.8 %, rank 5/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of new entrants in business, administration and law master's programmes is relatively low, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (17.4 %, rank 37/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of new entrants in Science, technology, engineering and mathematics bachelor's programmes is relatively low in Norway among countries with available data. (16.1 %, rank 39/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of new entrants in engineering, manufacturing and construction bachelor's programmes is relatively low in Norway among countries with available data. (5.9 %, rank 39/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Student mobility

    Norway has a small share of international students graduate from tertiary programmes compared to other OECD countries and partner economies. (2.3 %, rank 29/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of international students entering tertiary education in Norway is relatively low. (1.5 %, rank 29/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of new international entrants in master's long first degree (LFD) programmes is relatively low. (1.3 %, rank 18/22 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The proportion of international students among the new entrants in master's programmes in Norway is relatively low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (3.1 %, rank 34/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Student mobility by field of education

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of arts and humanities among all international or foreign tertiary students in Norway is relatively high. (19.3 %, rank 4/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of students enrolled in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics among all international or foreign tertiary students in Norway is relatively high. (13.9 %, rank 3/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the percentage of international doctoral graduates in the field of arts and humanities is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (4.6 %, rank 37/38 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the percentage of international doctoral graduates in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (41.1 %, rank 3/38 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Adult learning

    In Norway, the percentage of training costs as a share of total costs in all entreprises in 2020, is one of the among the other OECD and partners countries with available data. (2.1 %, rank 2/23 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Adult participation in non-formal education

    In Norway, the share of employed 25-64 year-olds participating in at least one job-related non-formal education and training over the 4 weeks prior to the interview is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (16.4 %, rank 5/25 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of 25-64 year-olds with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education participating in non-formal job-related education and training over the 4 weeks prior to the interview is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partners countries with available data. (12.2 %, rank 2/25 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of 25-64 year-olds without an upper secondary education participating in non-formal job-related education and training over the 4 weeks prior to the interview is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partners countries with available data. (7.8 %, rank 2/20 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Resources for education

    In Norway, the salary cost of primary teachers per student is comparatively high. (5311 USD Equivalent, rank 4/24 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the salary cost of lower-secondary teachers per student is comparatively high. (6839 USD Equivalent, rank 3/24 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (24374 USD Equivalent, rank 5/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per student from primary to tertiary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (18207 USD Equivalent, rank 3/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per pupil at the pre-primary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (22386 USD Equivalent, rank 2/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per primary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15631 USD Equivalent, rank 2/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per secondary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (17229 USD Equivalent, rank 3/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per tertiary student is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (15218 USD Equivalent, rank 5/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Annual expenditure per student on research and development in tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9157 USD Equivalent, rank 5/35 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education in Norway is comparatively high. (15986 USD Equivalent, rank 2/37 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student for core educational services on primary to tertiary education in Norway is comparatively high. (15772 USD Equivalent, rank 3/36 , 2020) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure on primary to tertiary education in Norway is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (25310 USD Equivalent, rank 4/38 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Expenditure in education and national wealth

    In Norway, expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is one of the highest among OECD countries and partner economies. (6.8 %, rank 1/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, expenditure on primary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively high. (2.3 %, rank 4/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, expenditure on secondary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively high. (2.5 %, rank 4/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, expenditure on tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively high. (2 %, rank 5/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, public and private expenditure on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of GDP is comparatively high. (4.8 %, rank 4/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, public expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively high. (4.7 %, rank 2/43 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, international expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively high. (0 %, rank 3/33 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, public expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP on primary to tertiary education from final source of funds is relatively high. (6.5 %, rank 1/43 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, expenditure on educational institutions as a percentage of GDP for tertiary education is high compared to 2015. (114 Index, rank 3/36 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the private expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds on primary to post-secondary non-tertiary level is low. (0 %, rank 27/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The public expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds at primary to tertiary education is relatively high in Norway. (6.7 %, rank 1/29 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The proportion of private expenditure as a percentage of GDP from initial source of funds for primary to tertiary education is comparatively low in Norway. (0.1 %, rank 26/29 , 2020) Download Indicator

    From 2012 to 2018, the average annual growth in total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary to tertiary education in Norway is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.9 %, rank 1/32 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Government and private expenditure in education

    The share of private expenditure on tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.7 %, rank 37/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The share of public expenditure on tertiary educational institutions is one of the largest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (4 %, rank 4/46 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The share of public expenditure on educational institutions, for tertiary education is comparatively large in Norway. (91.7 %, rank 2/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of public expenditure on educational institutions, for primary to tertiary education is comparatively large. (95.4 %, rank 3/39 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of private expenditure on all levels below tertiary education from initial source of funds is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0 %, rank 30/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of private expenditure from primary to tertiary education from initial source of funds is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.3 %, rank 28/29 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the relative share of public expenditure from initial sources of funds on primary to post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (100 %, rank 1/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the relative share of public expenditure from initial source of funds at primary to tertiary education is relatively large. (98.3 %, rank 1/29 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the total expenditure per full-time equivalent student on primary to tertiary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (94.5 %, rank 1/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The percentage of current expenditure on secondary education is relatively small in Norway. (3.9 %, rank 29/30 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Teachers

    The number of hours per year upper secondary teachers spend teaching general programmes in public institutions is comparatively low in Norway. (523 Hours, rank 29/32 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Who the teachers are

    The share of women among teaching staff in pre-primary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (90.7 %, rank 41/42 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (40.5 %, rank 20/21 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in short-cycle tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (40.5 %, rank 22/25 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers younger than 30 is especially high. (16.9 %, rank 4/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of female teachers younger than 30 in primary education is especially low in Norway. (69.2 %, rank 37/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of short-cycle tertiary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is relatively low, compared to other countries with data available. (44.4 %, rank 20/23 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of bachelor's, master's and doctoral level teachers aged between 30 and 49 is relatively low, compared to other countries with data available. (44.8 %, rank 28/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of tertiary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is relatively low, compared to other countries with data available. (44.8 %, rank 32/34 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of bachelor's, master's and doctoral level teachers older than 50 is relatively low, compared to other countries with data available. (32.3 %, rank 27/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of tertiary teachers younger than 30 is relatively high, compared to other countries with data available. (22.7 %, rank 2/34 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of short-cycle tertiary female teachers younger than 30 is relatively low, compared to other countries with data available. (35.8 %, rank 20/23 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of short-cycle tertiary female teachers older than 50 is relatively low, compared to other countries with data available. (34.1 %, rank 19/23 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of women among teaching staff in early childhood educational development is one of the lowest, compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (90.7 %, rank 20/22 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of teachers aged 50 or more in pre-primary education is especially low in Norway (18.1 %, rank 32/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The percentage of male teachers in pre-primary education is especially high in Norway. (9.3 %, rank 2/42 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of post secondary non-tertiary education teachers under 30 is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data (10.9 %, rank 2/20 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries

    The ratio of lower secondary teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.77 Ratio, rank 22/26 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The ratio of lower secondary female teachers' salaries to earnings of full-time, full-year women workers with tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (0.88 Ratio, rank 18/21 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 45-54 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Norway. (0.71 Ratio, rank 19/22 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The salaries of 55-64 year-old general lower-secondary teachers relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Norway. (0.68 Ratio, rank 19/22 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries progression

    The salary progression from the start to the top of the salary scale for a lower secondary school teacher is among the least rewarding among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.18 Ratio, rank 33/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The ratio of primary teachers' salaries at the top of scale to their starting salary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.18 Ratio, rank 33/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The ratio of upper secondary teachers' salaries at the top of scale to their starting salary is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (1.23 Ratio, rank 32/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Principals' salaries

    Pre-primary 25-64 year-old school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Norway. (0.88 Ratio, rank 14/17 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Primary school 25-64 year-old heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Norway. (1.03 Ratio, rank 20/22 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Lower-secondary 25-64 year-old school heads' salaries relative to earnings for full-time, full-year similarly educated workers with tertiary education is low in Norway. (1.03 Ratio, rank 21/22 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Ratio of student to teaching staff

    The number of students per teacher in tertiary institutions is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.6 Ratio, rank 35/36 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The number of students per teacher in primary schools is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner countries with available data. (10 Ratio, rank 44/46 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The ratio of students to teaching staff at the lower secondary level is especially low. (8 Ratio, rank 40/41 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The number of students per teacher in secondary schools is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.2 Ratio, rank 38/41 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the ratio of students to teaching staff in bachelor's and tertiary advanced research programmes is one of the lowest compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.5 Ratio, rank 28/30 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the ratio of children to contact staff in pre-primary education is one of the lowest compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (4.7 Ratio, rank 25/27 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the number of students per teacher in public lower secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (7.9 Ratio, rank 39/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the number of students per teacher in all public secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.1 Ratio, rank 38/41 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the number of students per teacher in public institutions tertiary education is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (8.6 Ratio, rank 36/37 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the number of students per teacher in private institutions short-cycle tertiary education is one of the highest among countries with available data. (17.7 Ratio, rank 4/18 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the number of students per teacher in public bachelor's, master's, doctoral or equivalent programmes is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (8.5 Ratio, rank 29/30 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the number of students per teacher in government-dependent private bachelor's, master's, doctoral or equivalent programmes is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (13.8 Ratio, rank 8/9 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway the ratio of children to contact staff in early childhood educational development is one of the lowest compared to the other OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.6 Ratio, rank 15/16 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of teachers' aides among contact staff in early childhood educational development is one of the highest of OECD and partner countries with available data. (59.1 Ratio, rank 4/12 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of teachers' aides among contact staff in pre-primary education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (59.1 Ratio, rank 2/17 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Employment and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (90.4 %, rank 1/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a master's or equivalent tertiary education degree is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (94.7 %, rank 2/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (97.6 %, rank 2/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-olds with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is compartively high in Norway. (87.2 %, rank 1/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 55-64 year-olds with tertiary education is compartively high in Norway. (84.5 %, rank 5/45 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 55-64 year-olds with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is compartively high in Norway. (75.9 %, rank 5/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-34 year-olds with a vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (92.9 %, rank 1/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the employment rate of 25-34 year-olds with a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is relatively high in Norway. (91.5 %, rank 4/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the employment rate of 25-34 year-olds with a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is relatively low in Norway. (83.3 %, rank 23/26 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the employment rate of 25-34 year-olds with a master's or equivalent tertiary education degree is relatively high in Norway. (95 %, rank 3/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Employment by gender and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 55-64 year-old men with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is compartively high in Norway. (82.7 %, rank 3/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the employment rate among 25-34 year-old women with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively high (89.4 %, rank 1/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the employment rate among 25-34 year-old men with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively high (94.6 %, rank 3/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Employment by field of education

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of arts is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (87.5 %, rank 4/17 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of business, administration and law is high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (91.3 %, rank 4/31 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of health (medical and dental) is low compared to other OECD and partner countries. (89.3 %, rank 11/14 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Unemployment and educational attainment

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (0.6 %, rank 44/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education is comparatively low. (1.4 %, rank 41/45 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a short-cycle tertiary education degree is one the lowest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (2.2 %, rank 26/30 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest of all OECD countries and partner economies for which data are available. (1.1 %, rank 43/44 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Unemployment by gender and educational attainment

    The unemployment rate among 25-64 year-old men with tertiary education is comparatively low. (1.1 %, rank 44/45 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Inactivity and educational attainment

    In Norway, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-olds with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low. (6.4 %, rank 35/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the inactivity rate of 25-64 year-olds with a master's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (4.3 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Inactivity by gender and educational attainment

    In Norway, the inactivity rate of 25-34 year-old women with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively low. (10.6 %, rank 33/35 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Earnings and educational attainment

    The proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old adults with tertiary education and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is quite low. (119 Index, rank 40/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared with other OECD and partner countries, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old adults with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low. (107 Index, rank 33/35 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Compared with other OECD and partner countries, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old adults with a master's, doctoral or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low. (134 Index, rank 34/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The gap in average earnings between 25-64 year-old women with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (114 Index, rank 32/35 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The gap in average earnings between 25-64 year-old women with a master's, doctoral or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (140 Index, rank 33/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old men with a bachelor's or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low. (117 Index, rank 33/35 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportional difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old men with a master's, doctoral or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low. (142 Index, rank 34/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings of 25-64 year-old full and part-time workers with tertiary education are comparatively low. (134.6 %, rank 36/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings of 25-64 year-old full- and part-time workers with a bachelor's or equivalent education are comparatively low. (121.7 %, rank 30/34 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of workers earning more than twice the median among those with a bachelor's or equivalent education degree is comparatively low. (6.8 %, rank 30/32 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-64 year-olds full- and part-time with below secondary education compared to those of adults with an upper secondary education are relatively low in Norway. (58.5 %, rank 40/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of worker earning more than twice the median among those with a tertiary education degree is comparatively . (12.8 %, rank 37/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of young 25-34 year-old adults with a bachelor's or equivalent attainment earnings is relatively low compared to OECD and other members with available data (99.2 %, rank 35/35 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-64 year-old workers without an upper secondary education earning at or below half the overall median in Norway is one of the highest among countries with available data. (51.8 %, rank 2/38 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-34 year-olds working full-time and full-year with general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Norway. (106 Index, rank 26/30 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-64 year-old workers with tertiary education earning at or below half the overall median in Norway is one of the highest among countries with available data. (16.2 %, rank 4/38 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 45-54 year-olds working full-time and full-year with tertiary education compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Norway. (148 Index, rank 38/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-34 year-olds working full-time and full-year with bachelor's or equivalent attainment compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Norway. (119 Index, rank 30/34 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 25-64 year-olds working full-time and full-year with bachelor's or equivalent attainment compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Norway. (126 Index, rank 33/35 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of 45-54 year-olds working full-time and full-year with bachelor's or equivalent attainment compared to those of adults without an upper secondary education are relatively low in Norway. (132 Index, rank 33/35 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Earnings, gender and educational attainment

    The difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old men with tertiary education and those with upper secondary education is quite low. (127 Index, rank 40/40 , 2020) Download Indicator

    The difference in earnings between 25-64 year-old women with tertiary education and those with upper secondary education is quite low. (123 Index, rank 40/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-34 year-olds with vocational upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education working full-time full-year) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (75.5 %, rank 25/29 , 2021) Download Indicator

    Earnings by field of education

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of arts and humanities, social sciences, journalism and information are low, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Norway. (70.3 %, rank 12/15 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of business, administration and law are high, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Norway. (116.3 %, rank 3/17 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics are high, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Norway. (110.3 %, rank 2/16 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction are high, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Norway. (124.2 %, rank 5/17 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Norway who studied in the field of arts and humanities, social sciences, journalism and information are low, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (81.4 %, rank 10/14 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Norway who studied in the field of business, administration and law, are high, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (109.9 %, rank 5/16 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Norway who studied in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction, are high, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (118.1 %, rank 5/16 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, earnings of tertiary-educated adults in Norway who studied in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics, are high, when compared to earnings of adults with an upper secondary education. (110.6 %, rank 4/15 , 2020) Download Indicator

    Neither in education nor employed

    The share of inactive youth neither in formal education nor training among 18-24 year-olds in Norway is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (5.3 %, rank 36/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of unemployed youth neither in formal education nor training among 18-24 year-olds in Norway is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (1.8 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of youth who have been unemployed for at least 3 months but less than a year and not in formal education or training among 18-24 year-olds in Norway is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (1 %, rank 23/26 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of women without an upper secondary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low (30 %, rank 35/36 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-29 year-olds neither in employment nor in education and training without an upper secondary in Norway is relatively low. (24.1 %, rank 36/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of women with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education neither in employment nor in education and training (25-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (10.9 %, rank 36/39 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-29 year-olds neither in employment nor in education and training with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary in Norway is relatively low. (7.9 %, rank 36/39 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of 25-29 year-olds neither in employment nor in education and training with tertiary education in Norway is relatively low. (3.6 %, rank 39/39 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of women who are inactive NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (5.1 %, rank 37/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of women who are unemployed NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (1.2 %, rank 40/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of men who are unemployed NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (1.9 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of men who are unemployed NEET (18-24 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (2.6 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of inactive NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (4.9 %, rank 37/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of unemployed NEET (15-29 year-olds) in Norway is relatively low. (1.6 %, rank 39/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The share of youth neither employed nor in education or training among 25-29 year-olds in Norway is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (8.2 %, rank 39/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The proportion of youth neither employed nor in education or training among 15-29 year-olds in Norway is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.5 %, rank 40/41 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of men neither employed nor in education among 15-29 year-olds is relatively low. (6.6 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of women neither employed nor in education among 15-29 year-olds is relatively low. (6.4 %, rank 39/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Among 15-29 year-olds, the share of youth without an upper secondary or post-secondary non tertiary degree who are neither employed nor in education or training in Norway is relatively low. (6.2 %, rank 38/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the proportion of youth with a tertiary degree who are neither employed nor in education or training among 15-29 year-olds is comparatively small. (2.8 %, rank 39/39 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The share of young women neither employed nor in education or training (25-29 year-olds) in Norway is comparatively low . (8.4 %, rank 39/40 , 2021) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 18-24 year-olds who are neither employed nor in education or training is comparatively small in Norway. (7.1 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 18-24 year-old men neither employed nor in education or training is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (7.8 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 18-24 year-old women neither employed nor in education or training is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (6.4 %, rank 38/40 , 2022) Download Indicator

    Social outcomes

    In Norway, the share of Internet users without an upper secondary education taking precautions to protect the privacy of their personal data is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (30.1 %, rank 3/26 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of Internet users with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education taking precautions to protect the privacy of their personal data is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (31.3 %, rank 3/26 , 2021) Download Indicator

    In Norway, the share of Internet users with tertiary education taking precautions to protect the privacy of their personal data is relatively high, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (45.4 %, rank 3/26 , 2021) Download Indicator


    The data table will display up to six selected countries.
    General findings
    
                        
    
                            
    
                                
    • On average in OECD countries, the employment rate for younger adults (25-34 year-olds) with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education as their highest attainment is 83% for those with a vocational qualification and 73% for those with a general one.
    • Combined school- and work-based vocational programmes facilitate the transition into the labour market. In Denmark, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Latvia and Switzerland, around nine out of ten upper secondary VET students are in a combined school- and work-based programme, but in 10 countries, the share is less than one in five.
    • Vocational education and training (VET) programmes, which often require specific equipment and infrastructure, typically cost more per student than general programmes. On average across OECD countries, expenditure per student is about USD 11 400 in general upper secondary programmes, compared to about USD 13 200 in vocational programmes.
    • On average across OECD countries, 43% of teachers in vocational upper secondary programmes are aged 50 or over. This reflects an ageing VET teacher workforce, and also that some VET teachers join the teaching profession after an industry work experience.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Spotlight on Vocational Education and Training | Education policies: Access and Participation - VET | Education policies: Finance and Funding - VET | Education policies: Labour market outcomes - VET | 
    
                            
    
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    • On average across OECD, 20% of adults (25-64 year-olds) still do not have an upper secondary qualification in 2022. Forty percent have an upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary qualification as their highest level of education, the same share as those with a tertiary degree.

    • Employment rates increase as educational attainment increases. Among 25-64 year-olds, the employment rate is 59% for those with below upper secondary attainment. This rises to 77% for adults with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary attainment and 86% for those with tertiary attainment.

    • Civic engagement tends to increase as educational attainment increases. Across the OECD countries and accession countries participating in the European Social Survey (ESS) Round 10, around 10% of individuals with tertiary attainment have participated in a public demonstration in the previous 12 months, whereas 6% of individuals with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary educational attainment have done so. 

    • The most common form of participation in adult learning is non-formal education and training, mostly job related. Slightly more than one in ten adults (25-64 year-olds) participate in non-formal education and training on average across OECD and accession countries reporting data with a four-week reference period, of which almost 80% have engaged in at least one job-related learning activity.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Attainment | Education policies: Labour market outcomes | 
    
                            
    
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    • On average, 18% of children under 2 and 43% of 2-year-olds were enrolled in early childhood education (ECEC) programmes in 2021 but other ECEC services also play a significant role. In Japan, 26% of children under 2 and 53% of 2-year-olds are enrolled in ECEC services outside ISCED 0. 

    • In Canada, Ireland and New Zealand, vocational programmes mostly serve those who have completed their initial schooling, and less than 12% of 15-19 year-old upper secondary students are pursuing VET. In contrast, there are 11 OECD countries where the majority of 15-19 year-olds enrolled in upper secondary education are in vocational programmes.

    • Most upper secondary VET students are in programmes that offer direct access to tertiary education. Countries where around 30% or more vocational students enrolled in programmes that lead to full level completion without direct access to tertiary education tend to be those with multiple vocational tracks and bridging options to allow progression to higher levels of education. 

    • On average, 72% of students who enter upper secondary education graduate within its theoretical duration across countries with available data. Two years after the end of the theoretical duration, the average completion rate has increased to 82%. 

    • Students who entered a general upper secondary programme have a higher rate of completion (87%) than those who entered in a vocational programme (73%) in nearly all countries two years after the end of the theoretical programme duration. 

    • The COVID-19 pandemic had a very uneven impact on international student flows across countries during the period 2019-2021. While the share of mobile students fell by 6 percentage points in Australia and 9 percentage points in New Zealand, it increased in several countries and remained unchanged in many others.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Access and Participation  | 
    
                            
    
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    • Across OECD countries, expenditure per student averages around USD 10 700 at the primary level, USD 11 900 at secondary and USD 18 100 at tertiary level. This reflects the fact that higher levels of education often require teachers to have more advanced qualifications and specialised knowledge which are usually accompanied by higher salaries.

    • Vocational education and training (VET) programmes, which often require specific equipment and infrastructure, typically cost more per student than general programmes. On average across OECD countries, expenditure per student is about USD 11 400 in general upper secondary programmes, compared to about USD 13 200 in vocational programmes.
    • Upper secondary vocational programmes receive between 3% and 17% of all funding for primary to tertiary educational institutions. Post-secondary non-tertiary programmes, which are often vocational, receive as much as 7% of funding (in Ireland) and short-cycle tertiary as much as 10% (in Canada).

    • In 2020, on average across OECD countries, 84% of the funding for primary to tertiary educational institutions came directly from government sources, 15% from private sources and 1% from non-domestic (international) sources. 

    • Higher education levels tend to have higher teachers' salary costs per student. On average across OECD countries, they rise from USD 3 614 per student in primary education to USD 4 424 in lower secondary education. This is mostly due to a combination of higher teachers' salaries and instruction time, and shorter teaching hours.
    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Finance and Funding | 
    
                            
    
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    • Students across the OECD receive an average of 7 634 hours of compulsory instruction during their primary and lower secondary education, ranging from 5 245 hours in Poland to double that in Australia (11 000 hours).

    • Teachers' actual salaries at pre-primary, primary and general secondary levels of education are 81-95% of the earnings of tertiary-educated workers on average across OECD countries and other participants.

    • School heads' actual salaries are more than 51% higher on average than those of teachers across primary and secondary education in OECD countries and other participants.

    • More than three-quarters of the OECD countries have national, or central, examinations in the final years of upper secondary education (in general programmes). A large majority of these countries use these examinations to grant students access to tertiary education.

    
                            
    
                            
    
                                | Education policies: Teachers | Education policies: Teachers | OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS)  | 
    
                            
    
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            Diagram of funding flows - Norway
            
    
            
    
        
    


        
		
    
            
    
			Click on the coverpage to see the full OECD iLibrary version
			
    
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            Country Reviews for Norway
            
    
            
    
			
    
        
    
		
              
              
              
              
              
              
              
        
    
            Note: These values should be interpreted with care since they are influenced
            by countries' specific contexts and trade-offs. In education, there is often no simple
            most- or least-efficient model. For instance, the share of private expenditure in
            education must be read against other measures designed to mitigate inequities, 
			such as loans and grants; longer learning time is an opportunity to convey
            more and better content to students, but may hinder investments in other important
            areas. If you want further information on the nature of different variables, please
            take the time to read the analysis and contextual information, available at the website
            for each publication.
    
            All rankings for individual variables are compiled on the basis of OECD and G20 countries for which data are available. 
            The OECD average includes only OECD countries which are listed here: http://www.oecd.org/about/membersandpartners/
            

    
			Reference years displayed in the Education GPS correspond to the most common year of reference among countries for which data is available on each variable. Data for the latest available year is preferred and some 
			countries may have provided data refering to a more recent or late year. To know more about possible exceptions on data please click on the "Download Indicator" link on each variable. When a year of reference corresponds to a school year encompassing two years, the reference reads as follows: 2018 for school year 2017/2018.  
			

    
	    *TALIS averages are based on all countries participating in the TALIS survey, including partner countries and economies. 
		This explains the difference between the OECD average and the TALIS averages.
		Data from the TALIS survey and Education at a Glance (EAG) may differ. See Annex E of the TALIS technical report and 
		Annex 3 
		of EAG 2021 for more details about the data collections.
            

    
			B-S-J-Z (China) refers to the four PISA-participating provinces/municipalities of the People's Republic of China:
Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.
			

    
            For additional notes, please refer to annexes in the list of links below the introductory country profile text.