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Switzerland
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Diagram of the education system

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  • Diagram of education system in country language


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    • Education system in Switzerland

    Switzerland
    Overview of the education system (EAG 2019)
  • In Switzerland, 44% of 25-64 year-olds held a tertiary degree in 2018, compared to 39% on average across OECD countries. The share of tertiary educational attainment is higher for the younger generation.
  • Switzerland has the second highest share of doctorate holders among OECD countries. Doctoral programmes seem to be very attractive to international students.
  • Completing at least an upper secondary degree considerably improves employment prospects in Switzerland, especially for younger adults. Due to the prominence of vocational programmes, the employment rates for those with upper-secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education are similar to those for tertiary degree holders.
  • The gender gap in educational attainment is moderate in Switzerland, but disparities remain across fields of study. Men are over-represented in science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), while fields related to health and welfare are strongly dominated by women.
    • | Education at a Glance 2019 | Country Note | Annexes from Education at a Glance 2019 | OECD Handbook for Internationally Comparative Education Statistics 2018 | Schweizerische Konferenz der kantonalen Erziehungsdirektoren/Conférence suisse des directeurs cantonaux de l'instruction publique/Conferenza svizzera dei direttori cantonali della pubblica educazione (Swiss Conference of Cantonal Ministers of Education) | Staatssekretariat für Bildung, Forschung und Innovation/Secrétariat d'Etat à la formation, à la recherche et à l'innovation/Segreteria di Stato per la formazione, la ricerca e l'innovazione (State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation) | Statistik Schweiz/Statistique suisse/Statistica svizzera (Swiss Statistics) |
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    The following list displays indicators for which your selected country shows the highest and lowest values among countries. The list can be sorted by level of education or by age group. All rankings are calculated including available data from OECD and partner countries. Find out more about the methodology here.

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    Educational outcomes

    The proportion of 25-64 year-old men who have attained a general degree at the upper secondary or post-secondary level is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.4 %, rank 33/38 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-64 year-olds who attained a doctoral or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the highest among countries with available data. (3.2 %, rank 2/36 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The proportion of tertiary graduates younger than 30-years-old is one of the lowest among countries with available data. (76.4 %, rank 26/26 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The average age of upper secondary graduates from general programmes in Switzerland is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data (20 Years, rank 3/38 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Attainment by gender

    In Switzerland, the share of 25-64 year-old men who attained a bachelor's or equivalent tertiary education degree is one of the largest among countries with available data. (23.1 %, rank 6/46 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Attainment by field of education

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of humanities (except languages), social sciences, journalism and information is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (7.1 %, rank 24/30 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of arts and humanities, social sciences, journalism and information is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (12.1 %, rank 29/32 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of business, administration and law is one of the highest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (28.6 %, rank 7/32 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-64 year-olds with tertiary education who studied in the field of health (medical and dental) is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (3.2 %, rank 11/14 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Participation in education

    The proportion of 25-64 years-old adults with below upper secondary education participating in formal education is low in Switzerland. (2.8 %, rank 16/24 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Among adults (25-64 years-old) with below upper secondary education, a high proportion participate in non-formal education. (33.4 %, rank 6/33 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Among adults (25-64 years-old) with tertiary education, a high participate in non-formal education. (84.1 %, rank 1/36 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Participation rate of 25-64 year-olds in job-related non-formal education sponsored by the employer is low in Switzerland, compared to other countries with available data. (65.7 %, rank 28/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Participation rate of 25-64 year-olds in not job-related non-formal education is high in Switzerland, compared to other countries with available data. (25 %, rank 2/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The percentage of three-year-olds in early childhood education in Switzerland is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.4 %, rank 40/40 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of four-year-olds in early childhood and primary education in Switzerland is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (48.1 %, rank 40/42 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the average age of new entrants into doctoral programmes is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (28.5 Years, rank 31/36 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the share of part-time students in bachelor's programmes is relatively large. (30.8 %, rank 5/30 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of part-time students in doctoral programmes in Switzerland is relatively small. (0 %, rank 23/29 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the proportion of new female entrants into master's long first degree (LFD) programmes is relatively high. (80.5 %, rank 1/24 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Graduation expectancy

    The percentage of today's young people expected to graduate from a doctoral or equivalent programme in Switzerland ranks as one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3.5 %, rank 1/39 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Switzerland has one of the lowest percentages of young people expected to graduate from short tertiary education programmes during their lifetime. (0.3 %, rank 29/32 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Switzerland has one of the highest percentages of young people expected to obtain a bachelor's or an equivalent degree during their lifetime. (48 %, rank 7/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Excluding mobile students, Switzerland has one of the highest percentages of young people expected to complete a doctorate or an equivalent education during their lifetime. (1.5 %, rank 8/29 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Graduation by gender

    In Switzerland, the share of female doctoral graduates in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is relatively low. (41.5 %, rank 34/43 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the share of female doctoral graduates in the field of business, administration and law is relatively low. (37.7 %, rank 33/41 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Graduation by field of education

    The percentage of tertiary graduates in the field of information and communication technologies is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (2.5 %, rank 36/43 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of arts and humaties in Switzerland is relatively small. (8 %, rank 36/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of doctoral graduates in the field of Natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Switzerland is relatively large. (31.9 %, rank 7/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Fields of education

    In Switzerland, the percentage of new entrants to tertiary education in the field of social sciences, journalism and information is relatively low. (7.2 %, rank 30/35 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of business, administration and law is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (45.3 %, rank 33/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (44.6 %, rank 31/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of information and communication technologies (ICTs) is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (12.4 %, rank 30/33 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of female who enter tertiary education in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (18.2 %, rank 32/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the share of female among new entrants to doctoral programmes enrolled in the field of health and welfare is relatively small. (54.4 %, rank 30/33 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Student mobility

    Switzerland has one of the largest proportion of international or foreign students enrolled in tertiary education among OECD and partner countries with available data. (17.8 %, rank 5/46 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, international students from Europe are most represented among all international students, compared to other OECD and partner countries with available data. (71.8 %, rank 8/45 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the proportion of new international entrants into master's long first degreee (LFD) programmes is relatively high. (17.2 %, rank 8/20 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Student mobility by field of education

    The percentage of international tertairy students enrolled in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics in Switzerland is relatively high. (16.9 %, rank 2/37 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the percentage of international doctoral graduates in the field of arts and humanities is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.5 %, rank 28/33 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Organisation of the education system

    Classes in lower secondary public institutions are comparatively small in Switzerland. (19 Students, rank 28/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Expenditure per student

    Annual expenditure per pupil at the pre-primary level is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (12592 USD Equivalent, rank 5/31 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Public and private expenditure in education

    In Switzerland, total public expenditure on primary through tertiary educational institutions as a percentage of total public expenditure is comparatively high. (13.5 %, rank 5/38 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Total public expenditure on education as a percentage of total government expenditure, for primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high in Switzerland compared to OECD and partner countries with available data. (9.6 %, rank 8/39 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Tuition fees

    The estimated average annual tuition fee for national students in independent private institutions for a bachelor's or equivalent level education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3202 USD Equivalent, rank 13/15 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The estimated average annual tuition fee for national students in independent private institutions for a master's or equivalent level education is one of the highest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (3202 USD Equivalent, rank 10/12 , 2017) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, the percentage of students who do not benefit from public/government-guaranteed private loans or public scholarships/grants is comparatively high. (92.1 %, rank 1/14 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Teachers

    The number of hours per year pre-primary teachers spend teaching in public institutions is comparatively low in Switzerland. (756 Hours, rank 24/26 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Who the teachers are

    The share of women among teaching staff in lower secondary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (55 %, rank 33/39 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in upper secondary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (44.7 %, rank 37/39 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in tertiary education (bachelor's, master's, doctorate or equivalent education) is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (35.5 %, rank 24/27 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff in tertiary education is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (35.5 %, rank 33/36 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The share of women among teaching staff is one of the smallest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (61.5 %, rank 29/32 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary to upper secondary teachers younger than 30 is especially high. (12 %, rank 10/34 , 2017) Download Indicator

    The percentage of primary teachers aged between 30 and 49 is especially low. (49.3 %, rank 32/35 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Teachers' salaries progression

    Starting salaries for teachers with minimum training in primary education are especially high. (58017 USD Equivalent, rank 3/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Salaries of primary school teachers with minimum training at the top of scale are especially high. (88308 USD Equivalent, rank 3/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Starting salaries for lower secondary teachers with minimum training are especially high. (65010 USD Equivalent, rank 3/37 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Salaries of lower secondary teachers with minimum training after 10 years of experience are especially high. (82222 USD Equivalent, rank 2/34 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Employment and educational attainment

    The employment rate among 25-64 year-olds with a general upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is relatively high compared to other OECD and partner countries. (77.3 %, rank 8/38 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Unemployment and educational attainment

    Among the unemployed population aged between 25 and 64 with below upper secondary education, the share of those who have been unemployed for at least 12 months is one of the largest in Switzerland, compared to other OECD countries. (57.9 %, rank 7/38 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The inactivity rate of 25-34 years-old adults with below upper secondary education is low in Switzerland. (23.4 %, rank 34/42 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The inactivity rate of 25-34 years-old adults with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is low in Switzerland. (9.8 %, rank 40/42 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The inactivity rate of 25-34 years-old adults with tertiary education is low in Switzerland. (7.3 %, rank 39/43 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Earnings and educational attainment

    The proportion of male full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 without upper secondary education is comparatively high. (78.5 %, rank 4/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (22.1 %, rank 20/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 without upper secondary education is comparatively low. (13.5 %, rank 24/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (22.9 %, rank 29/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 with upper secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary education is comparatively low. (14.9 %, rank 25/27 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 35 to 44 with tertiary education is comparatively low. (26.6 %, rank 29/29 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The proportion of female full-time earners among all earners aged 55 to 64 with tertiary education is comparatively low. (23.1 %, rank 27/28 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (among 25-64 year-olds with upper secondary education and income from employment) are one of the highest among countries with available data. (81.9 %, rank 10/37 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings of women as a percentage of men's earnings (25-64 year-olds with income from employment) are one of the lowest among countries with available data. (78.5 %, rank 29/37 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The gap in average earnings between 25-64 year-old women with a master's, doctoral or equivalent degree and those with upper secondary or post-secondary non-tertiary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (148 Index, rank 29/34 , 2016) Download Indicator

    Earnings by field of education

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of arts and humanities, social sciences, journalism and information are high, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Switzerland. (74.3 %, rank 9/14 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of business, administration and law are high, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Switzerland. (113.8 %, rank 5/15 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of natural sciences, mathematics and statistics are high, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Switzerland. (109.2 %, rank 5/14 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of engineering, manufacturing and construction are low, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Switzerland. (106.1 %, rank 12/15 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Earnings of tertiary-educated adults who studied in the field of health and welfare are low, compared to earnings of all tertiary-educated adults in Switzerland. (86.5 %, rank 13/15 , 2017) Download Indicator

    Neither in education nor employed

    The proportion of 20-24 year-olds who are neither employed nor in education or training is comparatively small in Switzerland. (10 %, rank 36/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The proportion of 25-29 year-olds who are neither employed nor in education or training is comparatively small in Switzerland. (9.4 %, rank 38/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-29 years-old men neither employed nor in education or training is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (7.9 %, rank 35/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 20-24 years-old women neither employed nor in education or training is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (7.6 %, rank 40/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    The percentage of 25-29 years-old women neither employed nor in education or training is one of the lowest among OECD countries and partner economies with available data. (11 %, rank 38/40 , 2018) Download Indicator

    Migrant background

    The proportion of 25-64 year-old native-born people without upper secondary education is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (5.3 %, rank 29/30 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Earnings of foreign-born aged between 25 and 64 who work full- and part-time with tertiary education are high compared to those of native-born with the same characteristics. (101 Index, rank 5/21 , 2016) Download Indicator

    The percentage of native-born 15-29 year-olds neither employed nor in education and training is one of the lowest among OECD and partner countries with available data. (6.5 %, rank 28/30 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Social outcomes

    In Switzerland, a large share of adults (25-64 years-old) with below upper secondary education participated in formal voluntary activities in the 12 months prior to the survey. (19 %, rank 10/28 , 2015) Download Indicator

    In Switzerland, a large share of adults (25-64 years-old) with tertiary education participated in formal voluntary activities in the 12 months prior to the survey. (43.4 %, rank 5/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among 25-64 years-old adults with below upper secondary education, a low proportion have someone to ask for moral, material or financial help. (86.9 %, rank 24/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Compared to other countries with available data, the percentage of adults (25-64 years old) with tertiary education who actively participate in social media on a daily basis is low in Switzerland. (24 %, rank 26/29 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among employed adults (25-64 years-old) with below upper secondary education, a small share have difficulties to fulfill their family responsabilities because of their jobs, compared to other countries with available data. (42.7 %, rank 12/18 , 2015) Download Indicator

    Among employed adults (25-64 years-old) with tertiary education, a large share have difficulties to fulfill their family responsabilities because of their jobs, compared to other countries with available data. (58.4 %, rank 8/32 , 2015) Download Indicator

    The proportion of employed adults (25-64 years-old) with below upper secondary education who have concentration difficulties at work because of family responsabilities is high in Switzerland. (30.8 %, rank 6/18 , 2015) Download Indicator

    The proportion of employed adults (25-64 years-old) with tertiary education who have concentration difficulties at work because of family responsabilities is high in Switzerland. (41.8 %, rank 7/32 , 2015) Download Indicator


    The data table will display up to six selected countries.
    General findings
    • In 2018, 44% of 25-34 year-olds held a tertiary degree, compared to 35% in 2008, on average across OECD countries.
    • Tertiary-educated adults also reap higher earnings, although this varies by field of study. Their advantage increases with age too: 25-34 year-olds with tertiary education earn 38% more than their peers with upper secondary education while 45-54 year-olds earn 70% more.
    • While engineering, manufacturing and construction, and information and communication technologies are two fields most commonly associated with the best labour market outcomes, only 14% of graduates earned a degree in the former and 4% earned a degree in the latter in 2017.
    | Education policies: Access and Participation - Tertiary | How is the tertiary-educated population evolving? | Earnings advantage of tertiary-educated workers across generations | Is labour market demand keeping pace with the rising educational attainment of the population? |
    Visualisations
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    • Although graduation from upper secondary education increased by 6 percentage points between 2005 and 2017, 15% of 25-34 year-olds did not attain upper secondary education in 2018, on average across OECD countries.
    • In some countries, vocational programmes are prominent at the upper secondary level. On average across OECD countries, 40% of first-time upper secondary graduates earned a vocational qualification in 2017; in Austria, the Czech Republic, the Slovak Republic and Slovenia, more than 66% of this population did.
    • At the lower secondary level, the average class shrank by 6% while teachers' statutory salaries increased by 8% between 2005 and 2017, on average across OECD countries.
    | Education policies: Access and Participation - Secondary | Transition from school to work | 50 year trends in educational attainment | What are the advantages today of having an upper secondary qualification? |
    Visualisations
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    • In 2017, more than one in three children under the age of three were enrolled in early childhood education and care services, on average across OECD countries - an increase of 7 percentage points compared to 2010.
    • Between the age of 3 to 5, on average across OECD countries, 87% of children are enrolled in pre-primary and primary education.
    • Annual expenditure per child in early childhood development programmes was greater than in pre-primary education in 2016 on average across OECD countries. However, as a share of GDP, expenditure on early childhood development is lower.
    | Education policies: Access and Participation - Early Childhood Education | Starting Strong 2017: Key OECD Indicators on Early Childhood Education and Care | Starting Strong V: Transitions from Early Childhood Education and Care to Primary Education | Who bears the cost of early childhood education and how does it affect enrolment? | Access to early childhood and the participation of women in the labour market |
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    • In 2016, expenditure per tertiary student amounted to USD 15 556, approximately one-third of which was devoted to research and development.
    • Private sources financed more than 30% of the expenditure, on average, at the tertiary level compared to 10% at primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary level.
    • OECD countries spent an average of 3.5% of GDP on primary, secondary and post-secondary non-tertiary institutions in 2016, and public expenditure at this level increased by 18% since 2005.
    | Education policies: Finance and Funding | Who really bears the cost of education? | What influences spending on education? | Does Money Buy Strong Performance in PISA? |
    Visualisations
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    • About 10% of primary and secondary teachers are under the age of 30, on average across OECD countries.
    • While the teaching profession is dominated by women, the share of female teachers decreases with the level of education taught: almost all teachers at the pre-primary level are women, however they make up less than half of the teaching force at tertiary level.
    • Salaries tend to increase with the level of education taught, but teachers' earnings remain between 78% and 93% of the earnings of other tertiary-educated adults.
    | Education policies: Teachers | OECD Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) | Teachers' salaries evolution and how they compare to those of tertiary-educated workers | How do primary and secondary teachers compare? |
    Visualisations
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    Key
    Country Reviews for Switzerland

    Note: These values should be interpreted with care since they are influenced by countries' specific contexts and trade-offs. In education, there is often no simple most- or least-efficient model. For instance, the share of private expenditure in education must be read against other measures designed to mitigate inequities, such as loans and grants; longer learning time is an opportunity to convey more and better content to students, but may hinder investments in other important areas. If you want further information on the nature of different variables, please take the time to read the analysis and contextual information, available at the website for each publication.
    All rankings for individual variables are compiled on the basis of OECD and G20 countries for which data are available. The OECD average includes only OECD countries which are listed here: http://www.oecd.org/about/membersandpartners/

    *TALIS averages are based on all countries participating in the TALIS survey, including partner countries and economies. This explains the difference between the OECD average and the TALIS average. Data from the TALIS survey and Education at a Glance (EAG) may differ. See Annex E of the TALIS technical report and Annex 3 of EAG 2019 for more details about the data collections.

    B-S-J-Z (China) refers to the four PISA-participating provinces/municipalities of the People's Republic of China: Beijing, Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang.

    For additional notes, please refer to annexes in the list of links below the introductory country profile text.